Chlorobenzene is less reactive towards nucleophilic substitution reaction. Give two reasons.

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Chlorobenzene is less reactive towards nucleophillic substitution due to –

1. resonance , C- Cl bond acquires a partial double bond character and becomes stronger than a single bond.

2. sp2 hybridisation in C of C-X bond, the carbon becomes more electronegative and holds the electron pair of C-X bond more tightly decreasing the bond length 

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