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Distinguish between the Unitary and Federal systems of government.

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(a) Under the unitary system, either there is only one level of government or the sub-units are subordinate to the central government. The central government can pass on orders to the provincial or the local government. 

(b) In federal system, government and its powers are divided at Union and State level, in some countries even at local self-level. In this system, the central government cannot order the state government to do something.

(c) In federal system state government has powers of its own for which it is not answerable to the central government. Both these governments are separately answerable to the people.

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Unitary system of Government Federal System of Government
In Unitary system of Government either there is only one level of government or the sub-units are subordinate to the central government Under the federal system of government, there are two levels of government, one at the central level and other at the state level. Both levels have their areas of jurisdiction
In Unitary system the state government does not have powers of its own In federal system, a state government has powers of its own for which it is not answerable to the central government. 
In Unitary system, the central government can pass on orders to the local government. In federal system, central government cannot order the state government to do something
In Unitary system, the powers and authorities are shared with the lower level government when needed. In the federal system, there is a hierarchy of power from federal level to state and local level.

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