What do you understand by the deviation produced by a prism? Why is it caused? State three factors on which the angle of deviation depends.

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In a prism the ray of light suffers refraction at two faces. The prism produces a deviation at the first surface and another deviation at the second surface. Thus a prism produces a deviation in the path of light.

The value of the angle of deviation (or the deviation produced by a prism) depends on the following four factors:

(a) the angle of incidence (i),

(b) the material of prism(i.e., on refractive index μ),

(c) the angle of prism (A),

(d) The colour or wavelength (λ) of light used.

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