(a) Name an element which reacts with hydrogen to form a compound which is strongly acidic in water.

(b) Explain why to dilute hydrochloric acid cannot be concentrated by boiling beyond 22.2%.

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1 Answers

(a) Chlorine.

The compound formed which is strongly acidic in water, is HCl.

H2 + Cl2 → 2HCl

(b) A dilute aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid gets gradually concentrated on distillation, till the concentration of the acid reaches 22.2% HCl by weight which boils at 110°C. When this concentration is reached, no further increase in concentration of the acid becomes possible by boiling. This is because vapors evolved before 110°C are vapors of water but at temperature above 110°C vapors consist mostly of molecules of HCl.

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