State the underlying principle of a transformer.

The principle of transformer is based upon the principle of mutual induction which states that due to continuous change in the current in the primary coil an emf gets induced across the secondary coil. At the power generating station, the step up transformers step up the output voltage which reduces the current through the cables and hence reduce resistive power loss. Then, at the consumer end, a step down transformer step down the voltage.

Hence, the large scale transmission of electric energy over long distances done with the use of transformers is taken place.

A transformer is based on the principle of mutual induction which states that due to continuous change in the primary coil, an emf gets induced across the secondary coil.

Electric Power generated at the power station, is stepped-up to very high voltages by means of a step-up transformer and transmitted to a distant place. At receiving end, it is stepped down by a step down transformer.