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Define electronegativity. How does it differ from electron gain enthalpy? 

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Electronegativity is the ability of an atom in a chemical compound to attract a bond pair of electrons towards itself. Electronegativity of any given element is not constant. It varies according to the element to which it is bound. It is not a measurable quantity. It is only a relative number. On the other hand, electron gain enthalpy is the enthalpy change that takes place when an electron is added to a neutral gaseous atom to form an anion. It can be negative or positive depending upon whether the electron is added or removed. An element has a constant value of the electron gain enthalpy that can be measured experimentally. 

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Electronegativity: Electronegativity of an element may be defined as the tendency of its atom to attract the shared pair of electron towards itself in a covalent bond.

Electron gain enthalpy Electronegativity
1. It is the tendency of an atom to attract outside electron. 1. It is the tendency of an atom to attract shared pair of electrons.
2. It is the absolute electron attracting tendency of the atom. 2. It is the relative electron attracting tendency of an atom.
3. It is the property of an isolated atom. 3. It is the property of bonded atom.
4. The elements with symmetrical configuration have almost zero electron affinities. 4. The elements with symmetrical configuration have specific electronegativities.
5. It has certain units i.e., kJ mol-1 and eV/atom. 5. It has no units.

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