What is a balanced chemical equation? Why should chemical equations be balanced?

Monjur Alahi

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Salim Ahmed Kawsar

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A reaction which has an equal number of atoms of all the elements on both sides of the chemical equation is called a balanced chemical equation. The law of conservation of mass states that mass can neither be created nor destroyed. Hence, in a chemical reaction, the total mass of reactants should be equal to the total mass of the products. It means that the total number of atoms of each element should be equal on both sides of a chemical equation. Hence, it is for this reason that chemical equations should be balanced.

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Salim Ahmed Kawsar

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The total mass of the elements present in the products of a chemical reaction has to be equal to the total mass of the elements present in the reactants. In other words, the number of atoms of each element remains the same, before and after a chemical reaction. This is called Balancing equation. We must balance the chemical equation, otherwise it becomes skeletal chemical equation.

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Write the balanced chemical equations for the following reactions.

Answer (a) Ca(OH)2 + CO2 → CaCO3 + H2O (b) Zn + 2AgNO3 → Zn(NO3)2 + 2Ag (c) 2Al + 3CuCl2 → 2AlCl3 + 3Cu (d) BaCl2 + K2SO4 → BaSO4 + 2KCl  

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Write the balanced chemical equation for the following and identify the type of reaction in each case.

Answer (a) 2KBr (aq) + BaI2 (aq) → 2KI (aq) + BaBr2 (s): Double displacement reaction (b) ZnCO3 (s) →  ZnO (s) + CO2 (g): Decomposition reaction (c) H2 (g) + Cl2 (g) → 2HCl (g): Combination reaction (d) Mg (s) + 2HCl (aq) → MgCl2 (aq) + H2 (g)...

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Write the balanced chemical equations for the following reactions and identify the type of reaction in each case.

(a) N2(g) + 3H2(g) + Catalyst(773 K) → 2NH3(g) Combination reaction (b) NaOH(aq) + CH3COOH(aq) → CH3COONa(aq) + H2O(l) Double displacement reaction/Neutralisation reaction (c) C2H5OH(l) + CH3COOH(l) + H+ → CH3COOC2H5(l) + H2O(l) Double displacement...

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Write the balanced chemical equations for the following reactions and identify the type of reaction in each case

(a) Fe2O3(s) + 2Al(s) ⎯→ Al2O3(s) + 2Fe(l) + Heat Displacement reaction/Redox reaction (b) 3Mg(s) + N2(g) ⎯→ Mg3N2(s) Combination reaction (c) 2KI(aq) +Cl2(g) ⎯→ 2KCl(aq) + I2(s) Displacement reaction (d) C2H5OH(l) + 3O2(g) ⎯→ 2CO2(g)...

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How does ammonia solution react with Ag+ (aq) ? Write the balanced chemical equation.

[Hint : Ag+ (aq) + 2NH3 (aq) => [Ag(NH3)2]+ (aq)]

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Write the balanced equation for the following chemical reactions:

(i) H2(g) + Cl2(g) ------> 2HCl(g) (ii) 3BaCI2(aq) + Al2(SO4)3(aq) -----> 3BaSO4(s) + 2AlCl3(aq) (iii) 2Na(s) + 2H2O(l)------> 2NaOH(aq) + H2(g)

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Write a balanced chemical equation with symbols for the following reactions:

(i) BaCl2(aq) + Na2SO4(aq) ------> BaSO4(s) + 2NaCl(aq) (ii) NaOH(aq) + HCI(aq) -------> NaCl(aq) + H2O(L)

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Convey the following information in the form of a balanced chemical equation:

FeSO2(aq) + 2NaOH(aq)  ------>Fe(OH)2(s) + Na2 SO4 (aq)

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Translate the following statements into chemical equations and then balance the equations:

(i) P4 + 5O2 -------> 2P2O5 (ii) 2Al + Fe2O3 -----> Al2O3+ 2Fe (iii) CS2 + 3O2 ------> CO2 + 2SO2 (iv) BaCl2 + ZnSO4 --------> ZnCl2 + BaSO4

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Write word-equations and then balanced equations for the reactions taking place when

(a) Sulphuric acid(aq) + Zinc(s) ------> Zinc  sulphate(aq) + Hydrogen(g) H2SO4(aq) + Zn(s)  -----> ZnSO4(aq) + H2(g) (b) Hydrochloric acid(aq) + Magnesium(s) -----> Magnesiurn chloride(aq) + Hydrogen(g)   2HCl(aq) + Mg(s )   -----> MgCI2(ag) +...

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