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A non-pharmaceutical intervention or non-pharmacological intervention is any type of health intervention which is not primarily based on medication. Some examples include exercise, sleep improvement, or dietary habits.
Non-pharmacological interventions may be intended to prevent or treat disease or other health-related conditions, or to improve public health. They can be educational, and they may involve a variety of lifestyle or environmental changes. Complex or multicomponent interventions use multiple strategies, and they often involve the participation of several care providers.
Non-pharmacological treatments can call on various fields of expertise, such as surgery, medical devices, rehabilitation, psychotherapy, and behavioral interventions.