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In physical chemistry, the McConnell equation gives the probability of an unpaired electron in an in aromatic radical compound being on a particular atom. It relates this probability, known as the "spin density", to its proportional dependence on the hyperfine splitting constant.
The equation is
a = Q ρ {\displaystyle a=Q\rho }
where a {\textstyle a} is the hyperfine splitting constant, ρ {\textstyle \rho } is the spin density, and Q {\textstyle Q} is an empirical constant that can range from 2.0 to 2.5 mT.
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