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Ultra-long-haul refers to the duration of a flight being "ultra long." IATA, ICAO, and IFALPA jointly define any flight scheduled to last over 16 hours as "Ultra Long".
These flights usually follow a great circle route, often passing over a polar region. In some cases, non-stop ultra-long-haul routes could be less preferable to stopover flights as passengers on ultra-long-haul nonstop flights must sit in the aircraft for those long hours. A low-oil-price environment favors the establishment and operation of ultra-long-haul flights.
The longest ultra-long-haul commercial flight in the world currently is Singapore Airlines Flight SQ 23/24, which flies from Singapore Changi Airport to New York JFK Airport.