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Total Base Number is a measurement of basicity that is expressed in terms of the number of milligrams of potassium hydroxide per gram of oil sample. TBN is an important measurement in petroleum products, and the value varies depending on its application. TBN generally ranges from 6–8 mg KOH/g in modern lubricants, 7–10 mg KOH/g for general internal combustion engine use and 10–15 mg KOH/g for diesel engine operations. TBN is typically higher for marine grade lubricants, approximately 15-80 mg KOH/g, as the higher TBN values are designed to increase the operating period under harsh operating conditions, before the lubricant requires replacement.
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