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Andreev reflection , named after the Russian physicist Alexander F. Andreev, is a type of particle scattering whichoccurs at interfaces between a superconductor and a normal state material. It is a charge-transfer process by which normal current in N is converted to supercurrent in S. Each Andreev reflection transfers a charge 2e across the interface, avoiding the forbidden single-particle transmission within the superconducting energy gap.
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