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Italy and the colonization of the Americas was related to: 1] Italian explorers and colonizers serving for other European nations; 2] The role played by the Roman Pontiff in Christianizing the New World and resolving disputes between competing colonial powers; 3] an aborted attempt to create a colony in the Americas, in what is now French Guiana, made by the Grand Duchy of Tuscany in the early 1600s; 4] a tentative to create a colony in the Antilles by an Italian Grand Master of the Knights Hospitaller of Malta.

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