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A form of MRC is defined by international standard bodies as ISO/IEC 16485, or ITU recommendation T.44. It defines a file format with bilevel masks and two data layers in each "stripe" of the image. The mask can be encoded in ITU T.4, JBIG1, or JBIG2, while the images can be JPEG, JBIG1, or run-length encoded color. The format is loosely based on JPEG, with a APP13 segment registered for this purpose.
It is not known whether this file format is actually used, as formats like DjVu and PDF have their own ways of defining layers and masks.
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