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A sulfonic acid refers to a member of the class of organosulfur compounds with the general formula R−S2−OH, where R is an organic alkyl or aryl group and the S2 group a sulfonyl hydroxide. As a substituent, it is known as a sulfo group. A sulfonic acid can be thought of as sulfuric acid with one hydroxyl group replaced by an organic substituent. The parent compound is the parent sulfonic acid, HS2, a tautomer of sulfurous acid, S2. Salts or esters of sulfonic acids are called sulfonates.
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