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Cross-ventilation pertains to wind, fresh air or a breeze entering through an opening that flows directly through the occupied space and out through an opening on the opposite side of the building, where the air pressure is lower, whereby creating a flow of cool air and as well as a current of air across the room from the exposed area to the sheltered area. Windows or vents positioned on opposite sides of the room allow passive breezes a pathway through the structure, which circulate the air and provide passive cooling.
Cross-ventilation is a wind-driven effect and requires no energy, in addition to being the most effective method of wind ventilation. A commonly used technique to remove pollutants and heat in an indoor environment, cross-ventilation can also decrease or even obviate the need for an air-conditioner and can improve indoor air quality. Others terms used for the effect include, cross-breeze, natural cross-ventilation, cross-draft, through-draft, wind-driven ventilation, wind effect ventilation and cross-flow ventilation.