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In signal processing, group delay and phase delay are delay times experienced by a signal's various frequency components when the signal passes through a system that is linear time-invariant , such as a microphone, coaxial cable, amplifier, loudspeaker, telecommunications system or ethernet cable. These delays are generally frequency dependent. This means that different frequency components experience different delays, which cause distortion of the signal's waveform as it passes through the system. This distortion can cause problems such as poor fidelity in analog video and analog audio, or a high bit-error rate in a digital bit stream. For a modulation signal , the signal intelligence is carried exclusively in the wave envelope. Group delay therefore operates only with the frequency components derived from the envelope.