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Iron sulfate sulphate] or ferrous sulfate denotes a range of salts with the formula FeSO4·xH2O. These compounds exist most commonly as the heptahydrate but several values for x are known. The hydrated form is used medically to treat iron deficiency, and also for industrial applications. Known since ancient times as copperas and as green vitriol , the blue-green heptahydrate is the most common form of this material. All the iron sulfates dissolve in water to give the same aquo complex 6], which has octahedral molecular geometry and is paramagnetic. The name copperas dates from times when the copper sulfate was known as blue copperas, and perhaps in analogy, iron and zinc sulfate were known respectively as green and white copperas.
It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. In 2019, it was the 103rd most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 6 million prescriptions.