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Complex fluids are mixtures that have a coexistence between two phases: solid–liquid , solid–gas , liquid–gas or liquid–liquid. They exhibit unusual mechanical responses to applied stress or strain due to the geometrical constraints that the phase coexistence imposes. The mechanical response includes transitions between solid-like and fluid-like behavior as well as fluctuations. Their mechanical properties can be attributed to characteristics such as high disorder, caging, and clustering on multiple length scales.
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