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DaT Scan commonly refers to a diagnostic method to investigate if there is a loss of dopaminergic neurons in striatum. The term may also refer to a brand name of Ioflupane which is used for the study. The scan principle is based on use of the radiopharmaceutical Ioflupane which binds to dopamine transporters. The signal from them is then detected by the use of single-photon emission computed tomography which uses special gamma-cameras to create a pictographic representation of the distribution of dopamine transporters in the brain.
DaTSCAN is indicated in cases of tremor in patients, when we are not sure about its origin. Although this method can distinguish essential tremor from Parkinson's syndrome, it is unable to show us if the problem is Parkinson's disease, multiple system atrophy or progressive supranuclear palsy.
Its main advantage is that DaTSCAN is able to diagnose Parkinson´s disease much earlier – in stage of 30% loss of the dopamine brain cells instead of 80-90%, when the symptoms are already so visible, that we can be sure about the diagnosis. The earlier diagnosis, the earlier treatment with better results.