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The heart is a muscular organ situated in the mediastinum. It consists of four chambers, four valves, two main arteries , and the conduction system. The left and right sides of the heart have different functions: the right side receives de-oxygenated blood through the superior and inferior venae cavae and pumps blood to the lungs through the pulmonary artery, and the left side receives saturated blood from the lungs.

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