Which of the following pathophysiological processes is involved in multiple sclerosis?

Option 4 : Development of demyelination of the myelin sheath, interfering with the nerve transmission

Concept:

• Pathophysiology ->The physical abnormalities which ensure following disease onset. 
• Multiple sclerosis -> An autoimmune disorder affecting the central nervous system.
• It is caused by a mutation in the HLA - DRB1 gene.

Explanation:

• A neuron has several components in its cellular structure which play different roles in the signal relay of the body
• The mylein sheath is an insulating layer over the neurons which fasten the speed of neurotransmisiion.
• In multiple sclerosis, there is an autoimmune attack on the myleinated axons.
• This affects the neurotransmission adversely.

• Destruction of the brainstem and basal ganglia in the brain: Such a disease pathlogy is exhibited in the  Parkinson's disease .
• Chronic inflammatory Demyleinating Polyneuropathy involces chronic inflammation of rhizomes just outside the central nervous system:
• Degeneration of the nucleus pulposus, causing pressure on the spinal cord is overserved in the herniation of nucleus pulposus.