1 Answers

Option 1 : (A), (B) and (C) only

Fred W. Riggs, J.M. Caus, Robert A. Dahl, and Robert A. Merton pioneered the ecological approach to the study of public administration. 

  • Fred W. Riggs established the ecological concept based on his studies in Thailand, the Philippines, and India.
  • Riggs examined the connections between the administration and the political, social, technological, economic, and communication variables from a broad viewpoint in his study of the administrative systems of evolving countries.
  • The characteristics of prismatic model of F. W. Riggs are 
    • Heterogeneity
    • Formalism
    • Overlapping
    • Nepotism
    • Poly-normative
    • Poly-communal
    • Bazaar canteen system
    • Authority and Control

Thus, (A), (B) and (C) only are the correct options. 

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