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Option 1 : (A), (B) and (C) only
Fred W. Riggs, J.M. Caus, Robert A. Dahl, and Robert A. Merton pioneered the ecological approach to the study of public administration.
- Fred W. Riggs established the ecological concept based on his studies in Thailand, the Philippines, and India.
- Riggs examined the connections between the administration and the political, social, technological, economic, and communication variables from a broad viewpoint in his study of the administrative systems of evolving countries.
- The characteristics of prismatic model of F. W. Riggs are
- Heterogeneity
- Formalism
- Overlapping
- Nepotism
- Poly-normative
- Poly-communal
- Bazaar canteen system
- Authority and Control
Thus, (A), (B) and (C) only are the correct options.
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