Which of the following is NOT correctly paired, about air pollutant and its effect?

Option 1 : Ozone - Acid Rains.

Concept:

1. Ozone:

• Ozone is a gas composed of three atoms of oxygen. Ozone occurs both in the Earth's upper atmosphere and at ground level.
• Ground-level ozone is a colorless and highly irritating gas that forms just above the earth's surface. It is called a "secondary" pollutant because it is produced when two primary pollutants react in sunlight and stagnant air.

These two primary pollutants are nitrogen oxides (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs).
Its effect is as follows:

• When inhaled, ozone can damage the lungs.
• Relatively low amounts of ozone can cause chest pain, coughing, shortness of breath, and, throat irritation.
• It may also worsen chronic respiratory diseases such as asthma as well as compromise the ability of the body to fight respiratory infections.

2. Lead:

• Lead is a naturally occurring toxic metal found in the Earth’s crust. Its widespread use has resulted in extensive environmental contamination, human exposure, and significant public health problems.

Its effect is as follows:

• Exposure to high levels of lead may cause anemia, weakness, and kidney and brain damage.
• Very high lead exposure can cause death.​
• Lead can cross the placental barrier, which means pregnant women who are exposed to lead also expose their unborn children.
• Lead can damage a developing baby’s nervous system and also affect the mental growth of children.

3. Carbon monoxide:

• It is a colorless, odorless, tasteless, deadly gas. You can’t see, smell or taste it.
• Carbon monoxide is slightly lighter than air and quickly spreads throughout an entire house.

Its effect is as follows:

• Carbon monoxide symptoms mimic the flu: headaches, fatigue, nausea, dizziness, confusion, and irritability.
• Continued exposure can lead to vomiting, loss of consciousness, brain damage, heart irregularity, breathing difficulties, muscle weakness, abortions, and even death.

4. ​Sulphur Dioxide:

• Sulfur dioxide (SO2) is a gaseous air pollutant composed of sulfur and oxygen.
• SO2 forms when sulfur-containing fuel such as coal, oil, or diesel is burned.
• Sulfur dioxide also converts in the atmosphere to sulfates, a major part of fine particle pollution.

Its effect is as follows:

• Sulfur dioxide can cause respiratory problems such as bronchitis and can irritate your nose, throat, and lungs.
• It may cause coughing, wheezing, phlegm, and asthma attacks. The effects are worse when you are exercising.
• Sulfur dioxide has been linked to cardiovascular disease.