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Option 2 : Social contract orientation

Kohlberg proposed the Theory of Moral Development that had three levels and each level is split into two stages. According to Kohlberg, each individual passes through each stage in a fixed order, and how moral development is linked with intellectual and cognitive development. By considering child's responses to moral dilemmas, Kohlberg tried to establish the reasoning behind the decision as a major indicator of moral development.

Pre-conventional

Obedience and punishment

Based on avoiding punishment, a focus on the consequences of actions, rather than intentions; intrinsic deference to authority

Individualism and exchange

 

The “right” behaviors are those that are in the best interest of oneself, tit for tat mentality

Conventional

Interpersonal relationships

The good boy/ good girl attitude sees individuals as filling social roles

Authority and social order

Law and order as the highest ideals,

Post-conventional

Social contract

At this stage right actions tend to be defined in terms of general individual rights and standards that have been critically examined and agreed upon by the whole society. 

Universal principle

Develop internal moral principle

So, Amit reasons that we can change laws if they do not meet the needs of the society but it should be done through mutual agreement and a democratic process. falls under the fifth stage of Kohlberg's Theory of Moral Development.

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