1. Doing a worksheet to improve one's competence in domain of particular interest: Approach-oriented mastery goals
  2. Preparing for a test to win the cash prize: Avoidance-oriented performance goals
  3. Taking extra classes for a subject to achieve first rank in class: Avoidance-oriented mastery goals 
  4. Working hard for not getting outperformed by others: Approach-oriented goals
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Option 1 : Doing a worksheet to improve one's competence in domain of particular interest: Approach-oriented mastery goals

Achievement goal theory proposes that individuals hold a set of beliefs, emotions, perceptions, and attributions that informs the way they approach achievement activities. Goal orientation is defined as the reasons individuals engage in achievement-related activities.

Three types of goal orientations were identified:

  • Approach-oriented mastery goals
  • performance approach, and
  • Avoidance-oriented performance goals

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  • Approach-oriented mastery goals are defined as a focus on mastering new skills, trying to gain increased understanding, and improving competence. Students adopting mastery goals define success in terms of improvement and learning.
    • Example: Doing a worksheet to improve one's competence in the domain of particular interest.
  • Performance-approach goals show mixed patterns across studies. The performance approach goal has been found to correlate with positive factors such as high performance.
    • Example: Preparing for a test to win the cash prize.
  • Students with Avoidance-oriented performance goals are concerned with avoiding failure in front of others. They are extrinsically motivated by a fear of poor performance.
    • Example: Taking extra classes for a subject to achieve the first rank in class, working hard to not get outperformed by others.

Hence, we can conclude that Doing a worksheet to improve one's competence in a domain of particular interest: Approach-oriented mastery goals is a correctly matched pair of response and goal orientation.

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