1 Answers
Option 1 : Poona
The correct answer is Poona.
- In 1875, peasants in the Bombay Presidency rose in rebellion against the agrarian crisis that faced them.
- The uprising began at Supa village in the district of Poona.
- The movement continued for 2 months and spread to over 30 villages.
- The movement also got support from the Poona Sarvajanik Sabha co-founded by M G Ranade.
- Accordingly, the Deccan Riots Commission was set up which presented a report to the British Parliament in 1878.
- In 1879, the Agriculturists Relief Act was passed which ensured that the farmers could not be arrested and imprisoned if they were unable to pay their debts.
- Reasons for revolt:
- In the Bombay Deccan region, the British introduced the Ryotwari settlement as the system of land revenue.
- Under this system, the revenue of land was fixed on a yearly basis.
- In the Ryotwari system, the agreement was between the government and the ryot (cultivator) directly.
- The revenue was fixed according to the soil type and the paying capacity of the farmer.
- However, the revenues were so high that farmers found it extremely difficult to pay their dues.
- Any failure in the rains would deteriorate the situation.
- To pay their revenues farmers generally took loans from moneylenders.
- Once the loans were taken, the farmers found it impossible to repay them since the interest rates were steep.
- Peasant indebtedness became a serious problem in rural areas.
- This infuriated the farmers because they were completely dependent on the moneylenders, who were insensitive to their plight.
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