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Doctors Medicines MCQs Q&A

  1. Only a)
  2. Only b)
  3. Both a) and b)
  4. Neither a) and b)
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Option 2 : Only b)

The correct answer is the Only b).

  • Charter Act of 1853 - 
    • This was last of these series of Charter Acts passed by the British Parliament 1793 and 1853.
    • It was a significant constitutional landmark.
    • It separated for the first time, the legislative and executive function of the Governor's-general's Council.
      • It provided the addition of six new members called legislative councillors to the council.
      • It established a separate Governor-General's legislative council which came to be known as Indian Legislative Council functioned as mini-parliament.
    • It introduced an open competition system of selection and recruitment of civil servants.
      • It was open to Indians also.
      • Accordingly, the Macaulay Committee was appointed in 1854.
    • It extended the Company's rule and allowed it to retain the possession of Indian territories on trust for the British crown.
    • It introduced for the first time, local representation in the Indian Legislative Council.
      • Out of six new members of Governor-General's Council, four were appointed by the local governments of Madras, Bombay, Bengal and Agra. 
    • The parliamentary acts of 1813 ended the East India Company's trade monopoly, and in 1834 it was transformed into a managing agency for the British government of India. Hence statement (a) is not correct.
  • Government of India Act of 1858 - 
    • This act was enacted in the wake of the Revolt of 1857.
    • It was also known as the First War of Independence or the 'sepoy mutiny'.
    • The act is known as the Act for the Good Government of India.
    • The act abolished the East India Company and transferred the powers to the British Crown. Hence statement (b) is correct.
    • It changed the designation of the Governor-General to that of Viceroy of India.
      • Lord Canning became the first Viceroy of India.
    • It ended the system of double government by abolishing the Board of Control and Court of Directors.
    • It created a new office, Secretary of State for India having complete authority over Indian Administration.
    • It established 15-member Council of India to assist the secretary of state for India.
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