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Option 1 : 1
The correct answer is option 1.
In this sentence, since the logical subject of the sentence which is ‘sharp decline’ is singular, it is grammatically correct to use a singular to-be verb which in this case is ‘has been’. This further implies that for plural subjects, plural to-be verbs such as ‘have been’ have to be used. Therefore we conclude that 1 is the correct option.
Correct sentence - There has been a sharp decline in the number of crimes reported in recent years.
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