Consider the following statements: 1) At low Reynolds numbers of any flow, viscous forces dominate over inertial forces. 2) Transition from laminar to turbulent flow occurs over a range of Reynolds numbers depending on the surface presented to the flow. Which of the above statements is/are correct?

Option 3 : Both 1 and 2

Reynolds number: It is the ratio of Inertial force to the viscous force.

• The Reynolds number, referred to as Re, is used to determine whether the fluid flow is laminar or turbulent.
• The low value of Reynolds number shows that the viscous forces are dominant over the inertia forces, viscous flows are termed as laminar flow.

• The higher values of Reynolds number have inertia forces dominating over the inertia forces therefore, these flows are termed as Turbulent flow.

• There is a transition zone between the laminar to turbulent flow. This transition zone depends upon the surface or the boundary of the conduit of the flow.

• The transition zone for laminar flow through a pipe is shown in fig.