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Option 4 : All of the above

The correct answer is Option 4, i.e All the above.

  • Brahmo Samaj:
    • Founded in 1828 in Calcutta
    • By pioneer social reformer Raja Ram Mohan Roy.
    • Main objectives: fought against idol worship, polytheism, caste oppression, unnecessary rituals and other social evils(like Sati, polygamy, purdah system, child marriage, etc.), strove for women’s rights(like widow remarriage and education of women), fought attacked prevailing superstitions among Hindus.
    • The first secretary of Brahmo Samaj was Tarachand Chakraborty.
    • In 1803, Raja Rammohan Roy published a Persian treatise named ‘Tuhfat-ul Muwahidin’ or ‘A Gift to Monotheists’ wherein he explains his concept of monotheism.
  • Prarthana Samaj
    • Founded in 1867 in Bombay.
    • By Dr. Atmaram Pandurang with the help of Keshav Chandra Sen.
    • It was an off-shoot of Brahmo Samaj.
    • It was a reform movement within Hinduism.
    • Justice M.G. Ranade and R.G. Bhandarkar joined it in 1870 and infused new strength to it.
    • Chicago Religious Parliament was held in 1893.
    • On 11th September 1893, Swami Vivekananda had given his famous speech.
    • In 1897, Swami Vivekananda had established the Ramkrishna Mission.
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