Which of the following is an abiotic component of an ecosystem?

Option 1 : Humus

Explanation:

Ecosystem: All organisms such as plants, animals, microorganisms and human beings as well as the physical surroundings interact with each other and maintain a balance in nature. All the interacting organisms in an area together with the non-living constituents of the environment form an ecosystem.

Ecosystem consists of:

• Biotic Components: It includes producers, consumers and decomposers. All the living things that have a direct or indirect influence on other organisms in an environment. Ex- Plants, Animals, Microorganism etc.
• Abiotic components: All the in-organic components of the ecosystem, non-living physical and chemical composition of nature are abiotic components. Ex- stones, water, Humus (organic waste), air etc.

From the given options Humus (the organic component of soil, formed by the decomposition of leaves and other plant material by soil microorganisms) is an abiotic component and all others are biotic.