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Option 4 : Neither 1 nor 2

The correct answer is Neither 1 nor 2.

  • Eco-sensitive zones are ecologically Fragile Areas are areas within 10 km around protected areas to act as a buffer.
  • They are notified under section 3 of the Environment Protection Act 1986 by the Ministry of Environment and Forest. Hence statement 1 is incorrect. 
  • Certain activities are either banned or regulated to protect the environment.  
  • Agriculture, Horticulture practices by local communities, organic farming, rainwater harvesting, scientific research, tourism, etc. are permitted in the Eco-sensitive zones. Hence statement 2 is also incorrect.
  • They act as a shock absorber for the protected areas and are a transition zone from high protection areas to lesser protection areas.  
  • They help in In-situ conservation.
  • They minimize forest depletion and man-animal conflict.
  • They minimize the impact of urbanization and developmental activities in protected areas. 
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