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Option 4 : 1, 3 and 4

The correct answer is 1, 3, and 4.

  • To pay income tax is not a Fundamental Duties. Hence statement 2 is incorrect.
  • There are 11 Fundamental Duties in our Constitution.
  • The Fundamental Duties were added in 1976, upon recommendation of the Swaran Singh Committee.
  • It was constituted by Indira Gandhi just after the declaration of national emergency.
  • It was added to the Constitution by the 42nd Amendment in 1976.
  • The original 10 duties were then increased to 11 by the 86th Amendment in 2002.

  • Fundamental Duties:
    1. To oblige with the Indian Constitution and respect the National Anthem and Flag.
    2. To cherish and follow the noble ideas that inspired the national struggle for freedom.
    3. To protect the integrity, sovereignty, and unity of India.
    4. To defend the country and perform national services if and when the country requires. Hence statement 1 is correct.
    5. To promote the spirit of harmony and brotherhood amongst all the people of India and renounce any practices that are derogatory to women.
    6. To cherish and preserve the rich national heritage of our composite culture. Hence statement 3 is correct.
    7. To protect and improve the natural environment including lakes, wildlife, rivers, forests, etc.
    8. To develop scientific temper, humanism, and spirit of inquiry.
    9. To safeguard all public property. Hence statement 4 is correct.
    10. To strive towards excellence in all genres of individual and collective activities.
    11. To provide opportunities for education to children between 6-14 years of age, and duty as parents to ensure that such opportunities are being awarded to their child.
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