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Option 4 : 1, 3 and 4
The correct answer is 1, 3, and 4.
- To pay income tax is not a Fundamental Duties. Hence statement 2 is incorrect.
- There are 11 Fundamental Duties in our Constitution.
- The Fundamental Duties were added in 1976, upon recommendation of the Swaran Singh Committee.
- It was constituted by Indira Gandhi just after the declaration of national emergency.
- It was added to the Constitution by the 42nd Amendment in 1976.
- The original 10 duties were then increased to 11 by the 86th Amendment in 2002.
- Fundamental Duties:
- To oblige with the Indian Constitution and respect the National Anthem and Flag.
- To cherish and follow the noble ideas that inspired the national struggle for freedom.
- To protect the integrity, sovereignty, and unity of India.
- To defend the country and perform national services if and when the country requires. Hence statement 1 is correct.
- To promote the spirit of harmony and brotherhood amongst all the people of India and renounce any practices that are derogatory to women.
- To cherish and preserve the rich national heritage of our composite culture. Hence statement 3 is correct.
- To protect and improve the natural environment including lakes, wildlife, rivers, forests, etc.
- To develop scientific temper, humanism, and spirit of inquiry.
- To safeguard all public property. Hence statement 4 is correct.
- To strive towards excellence in all genres of individual and collective activities.
- To provide opportunities for education to children between 6-14 years of age, and duty as parents to ensure that such opportunities are being awarded to their child.
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