1. Thermal expansion and contraction
  2. Mass exfoliation
  3. Hydration and Hydrolysis
  4. Frost action and crystal growth
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Answer: Option 3

Hydration and Hydrolysis represents the process of chemical weathering. In Hydration, Chemical combination of water molecules with a particular substance or mineral leading to a change in structure. In Hydrolysis, Most important process in chemical weathering. It is due to the dissociation of H2O into H+ and OH- ions which chemically combine with minerals and bring about changes, such as exchange, decomposition of crystalline structure and formation of new compounds. Water acts as a weak acid on silicate minerals.

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