Introduction
Elbow replacement (elbow arthroplasty) swaps damaged elbow joint surfaces with metal and plastic components. It is less common than hip or knee replacement and is usually reserved for severe arthritis, complex fractures, or failed prior surgery.
Goals include pain relief and improved daily tasks such as eating and dressing. Lifelong limits on heavy lifting or impact activities often apply to protect the implant.
Why it is done / when it is considered
Elbow Replacement Surgery is commonly discussed in situations such as:
- Rheumatoid or post-traumatic arthritis with severe pain and stiffness
- Complex elbow fracture not suitable for standard fixation
- Tumor reconstruction or instability after multiple failed operations
- Failure of conservative treatment
How the procedure is done
- Damaged joint surfaces are removed under regional or general anesthesia
- Hinged or unlinked prosthesis is implanted with cement or press-fit fixation
- Soft tissues and nerves (especially ulnar nerve) are protected carefully
- Partial replacement of radial head alone may suffice in selected cases
Preparation
- X-rays or CT, blood work, and anesthesia clearance
- Eliminate sources of infection such as dental or skin problems
- Plan home help and arm protection after surgery
- Coordinate blood thinner management
Risks and possible complications
Risks differ by procedure. Your age, other illnesses, and anaesthesia plan change the picture—your care team will explain what applies to you.
- Infection, bleeding, and ulnar nerve injury
- Implant loosening, fracture, or instability
- Stiffness or ongoing pain
- Higher revision rates with heavy use
Recovery
- Sling or splint and phased physiotherapy
- Swelling and discomfort common in early weeks
- Heavy lifting restrictions may be permanent
- Functional gains build over months
Aftercare and follow-up
- Follow physiotherapy without forcing painful ranges
- Monitor wound for infection signs
- Avoid falls and impact on the operated arm
- Attend scheduled X-ray follow-up
Frequently asked questions
Will my elbow be as strong as before?
Pain often improves for daily tasks, but heavy strength is usually limited.
Is elbow replacement as routine as knee replacement?
No. It is specialized surgery with different expectations and implants.
When should I seek urgent help?
Sudden numbness, fever, increasing swelling, or new instability warrant prompt contact.
Important caution
This article is general health information. It is not personal medical advice, a surgery recommendation, or a cost promise.
Decide on need, alternatives, risks, and cost with your doctor and hospital. If you have emergency symptoms, go to hospital without delay.