Introduction
Allergy shots (subcutaneous immunotherapy) expose you to gradually increasing amounts of identified allergens to retrain the immune system and reduce allergic symptoms over time.
They are used for selected environmental allergies such as pollen, dust mites, or pet dander—not food allergy in standard protocols. Treatment lasts months to years and requires clinic supervision, especially during build-up.
Why it is done / when it is considered
Allergy Shots (Immunotherapy) is commonly discussed in situations such as:
- Moderate to severe allergic rhinitis or asthma not controlled on medicines alone
- Desire to reduce long-term medication use when immunotherapy is appropriate
- Clear identification of relevant allergens by testing
- Commitment to regular injection schedule and observation after each shot
How the procedure is done
- Build-up phase: increasing doses typically weekly over months
- Maintenance phase: injections every few weeks for several years
- You wait in clinic after injections to monitor for reactions
- Dose adjustments occur if you are ill or have local swelling
Preparation
- Complete allergy testing and discuss asthma control first
- Report beta-blocker use and uncontrolled asthma—they affect safety
- Avoid vigorous exercise immediately before or after injections as advised
- Tell staff about fever, pregnancy, or new medicines before each visit
Risks and possible complications
Risks differ by procedure. Your age, other illnesses, and anaesthesia plan change the picture—your care team will explain what applies to you.
- Local swelling, itching, or redness at the injection site
- Systemic allergic reaction including anaphylaxis—rare but why observation is mandatory
- Asthma flare if underlying control is poor
- Incomplete benefit or need to stop if reactions are frequent
Recovery
- Most people resume normal activity the same day
- Ice or antihistamines may be suggested for local reactions
- Symptom improvement builds slowly over months
Aftercare and follow-up
- Keep all scheduled maintenance visits for lasting benefit
- Carry emergency plan for asthma or prior severe reactions if advised
- Do not stop allergy medicines abruptly without clinician guidance
Frequently asked questions
How long must allergy shots continue?
Often 3–5 years total; duration is individualized by your allergist.
Can I stop all allergy pills afterward?
Many people reduce medicines, but complete withdrawal is not guaranteed.
Are shots safe for children?
Selected children can receive immunotherapy after specialist assessment.
Important caution
This article is general health information. It is not personal medical advice, a surgery recommendation, or a cost promise.
Decide on need, alternatives, risks, and cost with your doctor and hospital. If you have emergency symptoms, go to hospital without delay.