Introduction
Adrenalectomy removes one or both adrenal glands to treat hormone-producing tumors, suspected or confirmed adrenal cancer, or large benign masses. The adrenals sit atop the kidneys and produce important hormones.
When one gland is removed, the remaining gland often compensates. If both are removed, lifelong hormone replacement is required. Approach may be laparoscopic or open depending on tumor size and suspicion.
Why it is done / when it is considered
Adrenalectomy for Adrenal Tumors is commonly discussed in situations such as:
- Hormone excess causing high blood pressure, Cushing syndrome, or other endocrine problems
- Suspected or confirmed adrenal malignancy
- Large or growing adrenal mass with concerning features
- Functional tumor not controlled with medicines alone
How the procedure is done
- Laparoscopic or robotic removal through small incisions when feasible
- Open surgery for large or suspected cancerous tumors
- Careful handling to avoid hormone surges during the operation
- Hospital monitoring of blood pressure and electrolytes afterward
Preparation
- Hormone testing and imaging (CT or MRI) before surgery
- Blood pressure and diabetes optimization
- Specific pre-op medicines may block excess hormone effects
- Discuss steroid replacement plans if both glands may be affected
Risks and possible complications
Risks differ by procedure. Your age, other illnesses, and anaesthesia plan change the picture—your care team will explain what applies to you.
- Bleeding, infection, and injury to kidney or nearby vessels
- Hormone imbalance or adrenal crisis if replacement is inadequate
- Need for lifelong steroids if both adrenals are removed
- Open surgery carries longer recovery than laparoscopic routes
Recovery
- Laparoscopic recovery often takes 2–4 weeks for light activity
- Open surgery may require longer hospital stay and convalescence
- Fatigue is common while hormone levels stabilize
Aftercare and follow-up
- Take steroid medicines exactly if prescribed—do not stop suddenly
- Blood pressure and electrolyte follow-up as directed
- Report severe weakness, dizziness, or abdominal pain urgently
Frequently asked questions
Can I live normally with one adrenal gland?
Many people do well with one gland, but follow-up remains important.
Must every adrenal nodule be removed?
No. Small inactive nodules are often monitored with imaging.
Is laparoscopic surgery always possible?
Not always. Size, cancer suspicion, or prior surgery may require open adrenalectomy.
Important caution
This article is general health information. It is not personal medical advice, a surgery recommendation, or a cost promise.
Decide on need, alternatives, risks, and cost with your doctor and hospital. If you have emergency symptoms, go to hospital without delay.