Introduction
Pidotimod is a synthetic dipeptide with immunomodulatory properties.
Uses
Pidotimod is a synthetic agent with immunomodulatory properties used in patients with documented cell-mediated immunosuppression to stimulate their immunity during lung and urinary tract infections.
For use as immunostimulant therapy for treatment of cell-mediated immunosuppression with respiratory or urinary infections .
Associated Conditions
Pharmacodynamics
Pidotimod modulates the immune system to induce an immune response against bacterial or viral pathogens
Mechanism of Action
Pidotimod inhibits tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) induced increases in extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK) phosphorylation . It also increases nuclear factor κB (NFκB) expression and translocation to the nucleus. It is these to modulatory effects on ERK and NFκB signalling which are thought to produce the increase in toll-like receptor expression seen with pidotimod. Pidotimod increase maturation of dendritic cells responsible for presenting antigens to naive Th-cells . It also appears to result in a greater population these cells diiferentiating to Th1 cells which are believed to mediate the immune response to pathogens like bacteria and viruses . Lastly, pidotimod appears to increase antigen-specific antibody titer and cytotoxic response with antigen exposure . The precise mechanism and timeline of events leading to these effects is unknown.
Absorption
Bioavailability of 45% .
Route of Elimination
95% of intravenous dose is eliminated in the urine as the parent compound .
Half Life
Half life of 4 h .
Dosage
- Dose in adults: Take 2 tablets of 400 mg or 1 tablet of 800 mg, twice a day, two hours before or two hours after food and for 15 days.
- Dose in the elderly and children: Take 1 tablet of 400 mg, twice a day, two hours before or two hours after food and for 15 days.
- Dose in adults: Take 2 tablets of 400 mg or 1 tablet of 800 mg, once a day, two hours before or two hours after food and for 60 days.
- Elderly and children: Take 1 tablet of 400 mg, 1 time a day, two hours before or two hours after food and for 60 days.
