Toti Syrup

Toti Syrup 1 mg/5 ml

Ketotifen fumarate is an anti-allergy and antihistamine medication used for the prevention and treatment of acute and chronic obstructive airway diseases. It is a H1 receptor antagonist and has anticholinergic, antiserotonergic, and structural and functional anti-inflammatory activities.

Uses For

Ketotifen fumarate is used to help treat and prevent the symptoms of asthma, bronchitis, allergies and allergic rhinitis. It is also used to treat eye conditions caused by the inflammation or constriction of the blood vessels in the eye. It can also help reduce intraocular pressure in certain cases.

Brand Name	Toti
Type	Syrup
Weight	1 mg/5 ml
Generic	Ketotifen Fumarate
Manufacturer	Eskayef Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Available in	English বাংলা

Mechanism of Action

Ketotifen fumarate binds to H1 histamine receptors, blocking them from being activated and thereby preventing the allergic response. It also acts to block cholinergic muscarinic receptors, which prevents the bronchoconstriction that occurs during an allergic attack. Additionally, ketotifen blocks the receptors responsible for serotonin release, which further helps in preventing the bronchoconstriction.

How Long Does it Take to Work?

The effects of ketotifen fumarate generally appear within 1-2 hours after taking the medication. The duration of action varies depending on the clinical situation, but it can usually last up to 24 hours.

Absorption

Ketotifen fumarate is rapidly absorbed after oral administration, with peak levels in the blood occurring within 1-3 hours. Its absorption is enhanced in the presence of food.

Route of Elimination

Ketotifen fumarate is largely metabolized and excreted in the urine. Some of it is also eliminated through the biliary tract.

Dosage

The dosage of ketotifen fumarate varies according to the individual needs of the patient, the severity of the symptoms, and other factors. Generally, adult and pediatric patients may be prescribed 1-2 mg per day, either as a single dose or in divided doses. Patients with more severe symptoms may require higher doses, of up to 5 mg per day.

Administration

Ketotifen fumarate is usually administered orally, in tablet or syrup form. It may also be administered intramuscularly or subcutaneously as an injection.

Side Effect

The most common side effects of ketotifen fumarate are nausea, vomiting, somnolence, headache, and dizziness. Rare but more serious side effects may include blurred vision, skin rashes, and difficulty breathing.

Toxicity

Ketotifen fumarate is relatively safe when administered at the recommended dosages. Overdosage can lead to an accumulation of ketotifen and increased side effects, including confusion, restlessness, and coma.

Precautions

Ketotifen fumarate should not be used by people with certain medical conditions, such as asthma, diabetes, liver or kidney disease, or a history of glaucoma. Pregnant or nursing women should consult their doctor before taking this medication.

Interactions

Ketotifen fumarate may interact with other drugs, particularly with anti-depressants. It should not be taken with alcohol or with drugs such as imipramine or amitriptyline.

Disease Interaction

Ketotifen fumarate may interact with certain diseases, such as asthma, diabetes, glaucoma, and depression. Patients with these conditions should consult with their physician before taking ketotifen.

Drug Interaction

Ketotifen fumarate should not be taken in combination with certain drugs, such as anti-depressants, imipramine, and amitriptyline. It may also interact with drugs used to treat asthma and allergies, so it is important to consult a physician before taking this medication.

Food Interactions

Ketotifen fumarate may interact with certain foods, including alcohol, milk and dairy products, chocolate, and certain fruits and vegetables. It is important to check with a physician prior to taking this medication to ensure that it is safe to consume.

Pregnancy Use

Ketotifen fumarate should not be used during pregnancy unless recommended by a physician. It has been classified by the FDA as an "X" drug, and is not recommended for use during pregnancy.

Lactation Use

Ketotifen fumarate is excreted in breast milk and is not recommended for use in lactating women. If you are taking this medication and wish to breastfeed, it is important to consult your physician first.

Acute Overdose

An overdose of ketotifen fumarate may lead to symptoms such as confusion, restlessness, and coma. If an overdose is suspected, it is important to seek immediate medical attention.

Contraindication

Ketotifen fumarate should not be used together with other antihistamines, such as diphenhydramine, or drugs used to treat asthma and allergies. It should also not be taken by people with certain medical conditions, such as asthma, glaucoma, or diabetes.

Use Direction

Ketotifen fumarate should be taken orally, with or without food, as directed by your doctor. The dosage is usually 1-2 mg per day in adults and children, but the dosage may vary depending on the individual’s response and tolerance, as well as the severity of symptoms. The medication should not be taken for longer than 12 weeks without consulting your physician.

Storage Condition

Ketotifen fumarate should be stored at room temperature, away from light, heat, and moisture. Keep the medication in the original container and out of reach of children and pets.