Introduction
Sevoflurane Solution for Inhalation 100% V/V, also called fluoromethyl, is an ether inhalation anaesthetic agent used for the induction and maintenance of general anesthesia. It is a volatile, non-flammable, non-irritant, and easy-to-administer compound with a low solubility profile and blood-to-gas partition coefficient.
Uses
Sevoflurane Solution for Inhalation 100% V/V is a inhalation anaesthetic agent used for induction and maintenance of general anesthesia during surgical procedures.
Used for induction and maintenance of general anesthesia in adult and pediatric patients for inpatient and outpatient surgery.
Associated Conditions
Pharmacodynamics
Sevoflurane Solution for Inhalation 100% V/V induces muscle relaxation and reduces pains sensitivity by altering tissue excitability with a fast onset of action. It does so by decreasing the extent of gap junction mediated cell-cell coupling and altering the activity of the channels that underlie the action potential.
Mechanism of Action
Sevoflurane Solution for Inhalation 100% V/V induces a reduction in junctional conductance by decreasing gap junction channel opening times and increasing gap junction channel closing times. Sevoflurane Solution for Inhalation 100% V/V also activates calcium dependent ATPase in the sarcoplasmic reticulum by increasing the fluidity of the lipid membrane. It also appears to bind the D subunit of ATP synthase and NADH dehydogenase and also binds to the GABA receptor, the large conductance Ca2+ activated potassium channel, the glutamate receptor, and the glycine receptor.
Absorption
Rapidly absorbed into circulation via the lungs, however solubility in the blood is low.
Route of Elimination
The low solubility of sevoflurane facilitates rapid elimination via the lungs. In vivo metabolism studies suggest that approximately 5% of the sevoflurane dose may be metabolized. Up to 3.5% of the sevoflurane dose appears in the urine as inorganic fluoride.
Half Life
15-23 hours
Toxicity
LC50=49881 ppm/hr (rat), LD50=10.8 g/kg (rat)
Food Interactions
No interactions found.
Dosage
Pre-anesthetic medication: No specific premedication is either indicated or contraindicated with Sevoflurane Solution for Inhalation 100% V/V. The decision as to whether or not to premedicate and the choice of premedication is left to the discretion of the anesthesiologist.
Induction: Sevoflurane Solution for Inhalation 100% V/V has a nonpungent odor and does not cause respiratory irritability; it is suitable for mask induction in pediatrics and adults.
Maintenance: Surgical levels of anesthesia can usually be achieved with concentrations of 0.5-3% Sevoflurane Solution for Inhalation 100% V/V with or without the concomitant use of nitrous oxide. Sevoflurane Solution for Inhalation 100% V/V can be administered with any type of anesthesia circuit.
Use in children and adolescents: The safety and efficacy of induction and maintenance of general anesthesia with sevoflurane have been established in pediatric patients aged 1 to 18 years
