Pulmosis Capsule

Although the precise mechanism of action of pirfenidone and its specific molecular targets have yet to be elucidated, the molecule has demonstrated anti-fibrotic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activity. One vital anti-fibrotic mechanism involves suppression of TGF-β1 (transforming growth factor-β1), a key cytokine involved in fibrogenesis and extracellular matrix production.

There is also evidence to suggest that pirfenidone has the ability to downregulate the expression of potent pro-inflammatory cytokines including TNF-α, interleukin-1, and interferon gamma. In animal models, pirfenidone can inhibit both the influx of inflammatory cells and the increased pulmonary vascular permeability induced by bleomycin.

Route of administration: Pulmosis Capsule 801 mg is administered orally with food.

Adults: Upon initiating treatment, the dose should be titrated to the recommended daily dose of nine 267 mg tablets or three 801 mg tablet per day over a 14-days period as follows:

• Days 1 to 7: One 267 mg tablet administered three times a day (801 mg/day)
• Days 8 to 14: Two 267 mg tablets administered three times a day (1602 mg/day)
• Day 15 onward: Three 267 mg tablets or one 801 mg tablet administered three times a day (2403 mg/day)

The recommended daily dose of Pulmosis Capsule 801 mg for patients with IPF is three 267 mg tablets or one 801 mg three times a day with food for a total of 2403 mg/day. Doses above 2403 mg/day are not recommended for any patient. Patients who miss 14 consecutive days or more of Pulmosis Capsule 801 mg treatment should re-initiate therapy by undergoing the initial 2-week titration regimen up to the recommended daily dose. For treatment interruption of less than 14 consecutive days, the dose can be resumed at the previous recommended daily dose without titration.

Dose adjustments and other considerations for safe use: Gastrointestinal events: In patients who experience intolerance to therapy due to gastrointestinal side effects, patients should be reminded to take the medicinal product with food. If symptoms persist Pulmosis Capsule 801 mg may be reduced to 1-2 tablets (267 mg-534 mg) 2-3 times/day with food with re-escalation to the recommended daily dose as tolerated. If symptoms continue, patients may be instructed to interrupt treatment for 1 to 2 weeks to allow symptoms to resolve.

Photosensitivity reaction or rash: Patients who experience a mild to moderate photosensitivity reaction or rash should be reminded of the instruction to use a sunblock daily and to avoid sun exposure. The dose of Pulmosis Capsule 801 mg may be reduced to three 267 mg tablets/day (one 267 mg tablet three times a day). If the rash persists after 7 days, Pulmosis Capsule 801 mg should be discontinued for 15 days, with re-escalation to the recommended daily dose in the same manner as the dose escalation period. Patients who experience severe photosensitivity reaction or rash should be instructed to interrupt the dose and to seek medical advice. Once the rash has resolved, Pulmosis Capsule 801 mg may be re-introduced and re-escalated up to the recommended daily dose at the discretion of the physician.

Hepatic function: In the event of significant elevation of alanine and/or aspartate aminotransferases (ALT/AST) with or without bilirubin elevation, the dose of Pulmosis Capsule 801 mg should be adjusted or treatment discontinued according to the guidelines.