Introduction
Perol IM Injection 5 mg/ml is an antipsychotic medication used to treat conditions such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. It works by blocking certain types of activity in the brain to reduce certain symptoms and help balance moods. It may also be used to treat certain other disorders such as Tourette's. While it can be effective in treating these conditions, haloperidol can also lead to side effects.
Uses for
Perol IM Injection 5 mg/ml is used to treat schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, Tourette's disorder, and some other conditions. It can help reduce the symptoms of these conditions, such as hallucinations, delusions, or feelings of being out of control. It may also help reduce aggression or difficulty sleeping.
| Brand Name | Perol |
|---|---|
| Type | IM Injection |
| Weight | 5 mg/ml |
| Generic | Haloperidol |
| Manufacturer | Ambee Pharmaceuticals Ltd. |
| Available in | English বাংলা |
Mechanism of Action
Perol IM Injection 5 mg/ml works by blocking the activity in the brain of certain neurotransmitters, including dopamine and serotonin. It blocks certain receptors in the brain, which reduces the symptoms of anxiety, aggression, and out of control behavior.
How Long Does it Take to Work?
It usually takes 1-2 weeks for haloperidol to become effective. Some people may experience relief from symptoms faster, while others may take longer. It is important to take this medication as prescribed in order for it to be effective.
Absorption
Perol IM Injection 5 mg/ml is rapidly absorbed when taken orally. It is widely distributed throughout the body, with highest concentrations in the brain, liver, and kidneys. It has an average elimination half-life of 8 hours.
Route of Elimination
Perol IM Injection 5 mg/ml is metabolized in the liver and excreted in the urine. Approximately 10-20% of a given dose is excreted unchanged.
Dosage
Tablet-Initial dose for adults-
- Moderate symptomatology: 0.5 mg to 3.0 mg 2 to 3 times daily
- Severe symptomatology: 3.0 mg to 5.0 mg 2 to 3 times daily
- Elderly patients: 0.5 mg to 4.5 mg 2 to 3 times daily
- Chronic or Resistant patients: 3.0 mg to 6.0 mg 2 to 3 times daily
Children: A suggested dose for the management of behaviour disorders in disturbed and schizophrenic children is 50 microgram per kg body weight.
Injection (intramuscular or intravenous)-
Schizophrenia and other psychosis, mania:
- Initially 2-10 mg, then every 4-8 hours according to response to total maximum 18 mg daily
- Severely disturbed patients may require an initial dose of up to 18 mg
- Elderly (or debilitated) initially half adult dose
- For children not recommended.
The usual starting dose of haloperidol is 2-5 mg once daily. Doses may be titrated up over time as needed. The maximum recommended dose is 20-25 mg once daily. Higher doses should only be used in special circumstances and under medical supervision.
Administration
Perol IM Injection 5 mg/ml can be taken orally as tablets or extended-release tablets. It should be taken with food to avoid stomach upset. It should not be crushed or chewed.
Side Effects
Common side effects of haloperidol include drowsiness, dry mouth, fatigue, nausea, and restlessness. It may also cause elevated levels of prolactin, which can lead to breast enlargement or milk production. Rarely, it can cause serious side effects such as Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome, which is a potentially fatal disorder.
Toxicity
Perol IM Injection 5 mg/ml is a relatively safe medication when taken as prescribed, but it can be toxic when taken in large dosages or mixed with other drugs. Ingestion of large amounts can lead to serious complications such as coma, difficulty breathing, and death.
Precautions
Perol IM Injection 5 mg/ml should not be taken by people who have a history of Parkinson’s disease, circulatory problems, heart disease, liver disease, or glaucoma. It should also not be taken by people who are pregnant, breastfeeding, or have taken monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) within the past 14 days. Perol IM Injection 5 mg/ml should also be used with caution in people with a history of drug or alcohol abuse.
Interaction
Perol IM Injection 5 mg/ml may interact with some medications, including benzodiazepines, anti-seizure medications, tricyclic antidepressants, or certain antibiotics. It should not be taken with MAOIs. Also, haloperidol should not be taken with alcohol or illegal drugs.
Disease Interaction
Perol IM Injection 5 mg/ml can interact with certain diseases, such as Parkinson's disease, heart disease, or liver disease. People with these and other conditions should be monitored closely when taking haloperidol.
Drug Interaction
Perol IM Injection 5 mg/ml can interact with certain prescription and over-the-counter medications. Before taking haloperidol, it is important to talk to your doctor about any drugs you are taking. Some drugs may increase the side effects of haloperidol or make it less effective.
Food Interactions
Alcohol or grapefruit juice can increase the effects of haloperidol. It is important to avoid these items when taking this medication.
Pregnancy Use
Perol IM Injection 5 mg/ml should not be used by pregnant women. It may increase the risk of birth defects or other serious complications. It is not known if it is passed through breast milk, so breastfeeding mothers should not take haloperidol.
Lactation Use
It is not known if haloperidol is passed through breast milk. Therefore, breastfeeding should be avoided while taking this medication.
Acute Overdose
Acute overdose with haloperidol can lead to serious complications, such as coma, difficulty breathing, or death. Seek emergency medical help if you experience any of these symptoms while taking this medication.
Contraindication
Perol IM Injection 5 mg/ml should not be taken by people with a history of Parkinson’s disease, heart disease, liver disease, glaucoma, or who have previously taken MAOIs. It should also not be taken by pregnant or breastfeeding women.
Use Directions
Perol IM Injection 5 mg/ml should be taken as directed by your doctor or stated on the label. It should not be taken in larger or smaller amounts than prescribed, and should not be taken for longer than directed. It is important to take this medication with food to avoid stomach upset.
Storage Condition
Perol IM Injection 5 mg/ml should be stored at room temperature and kept away from moisture, heat, and light. It should not be stored in the bathroom or other damp areas.
Volume of Distribution
Perol IM Injection 5 mg/ml has a volume of distribution of approximately 1.4L per kg of body weight.
Half Life
The elimination half-life of haloperidol is 8 hours, on average.
Clearance
Perol IM Injection 5 mg/ml is eliminated through metabolism in the liver. Approximately 10-20% of a given dose is excreted unchanged. The average clearance of haloperidol is 0.5L/h.
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