Oxaliplatin

Oxaliplatin Introduction

Oxaliplatin is a chemotherapy drug that is used to treat cancer. It can be used alone or in combination with other drugs to treat metastatic colorectal cancer in adults. It can also be used to reduce the risk of cancer in certain high-risk populations.

Uses for

Oxaliplatin is used to treat metastatic colorectal cancer in adults. It can also be used as a preventive treatment in certain high-risk populations. Oxaliplatin is also sometimes used to treat other types of cancers, such as liver, breast, and pancreatic cancers.

Brand Name	Oxaliplatin
Type
Weight
Generic	Oxaliplatin
Manufacturer
Available in	English বাংলা

Mechanism of Action

Oxaliplatin works by interfering with the cell's ability to divide and replicate. It disrupts DNA formation and restricts the activity of enzymes involved in DNA synthesis, thus inhibiting the growth of cancer cells.

How Long Does It Take to Work?

Oxaliplatin begins to work within a few hours of administration. Its effects last for approximately four months. The exact amount of time it takes to work may vary depending on individual factors, such as the type of cancer being treated.

Absorption

Oxaliplatin is slowly and incompletely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. It has a low bioavailability of approximately 20%.

Route of Elimination

Oxaliplatin is cleared from the body by the kidneys. It is metabolized by the liver and excreted in the urine.

Dosage

Administer oxaliplatin in combination with 5-fluorouracil/folinic acid every 2 weeks. For advanced disease, treatment is recommended until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. For adjuvant use, treatment is recommended for a total of 6 months (12 cycles).

Day 1: Oxaliplatin 85 mg/m² intravenous infusion in 250-500 mL 5% Dextrose injection, USP and folinic acid 200 mg/m² intravenous infusion in 5% Dextrose Injection, USP both given over 120 minutes at the same time in separate bags using a Y-line, followed by 5-fluorouracil 400 mg/m² intravenous bolus given over 2-4 minutes, followed by 5-fluorouracil 600 mg/m² intravenous infusion in 500 mL 5% Dextrose Injection, USP (recommended) as a 22-hour continuous infusion.

Day 2: Folinic acid 200 mg/m² intravenous infusion over 120 minutes, followed by 5-fluorouracil 400 mg/m² intravenous bolus given over 2-4 minutes, followed by 5-fluorouracil 600 mg/m² intravenous infusion in 500 mL 5% Dextrose Injection, USP (recommended) as a 22-hour continuous infusion.

The recommended dose of oxaliplatin for adults is 85mg/m² administered intravenously over 120 minutes at least once every two weeks. The dosage may be adjusted depending on individual factors, such as the type of cancer being treated, severity of the condition, body weight, and other medications being taken.

Administration

Oxaliplatin should be administered intravenously over 120 minutes. It should not be administered intramuscularly or subcutaneously.

Side Effect

The most common side effects of oxaliplatin include nausea and vomiting, fatigue, diarrhea, constipation, hair loss, and decreased appetite. Less common side effects include hyponatremia, alopecia, peripheral neuropathy, and allergic reactions.

Toxicity

Oxaliplatin is generally well tolerated, however, severe toxicity can occur. The most serious toxicity is severe bone marrow suppression, which can lead to life-threatening anemia, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia.

Precautions

Oxaliplatin should be used with caution in pregnant women, as it may cause fetal harm. Patients should also be monitored for signs of infection due to the drug's effect on the immune system. Oxaliplatin should not be used in patients with an allergy to it or any of its components.

Interaction

Oxaliplatin may interact with other medications, including certain antibiotics, antifungals, antivirals, and antineoplastic agents. It can also interact with certain herbal supplements and vitamins. Patients should be sure to inform their healthcare provider of all medications they are taking before starting treatment with oxaliplatin.

Disease Interactions

Oxaliplatin may worsen certain conditions, including hepatic impairment, renal impairment, and ischemic colitis. Patients with these or other underlying medical conditions should be monitored closely.

Drug Interactions

Oxaliplatin may interact with other medications, including certain antibiotics, antifungals, antivirals, and antineoplastic agents. It can also interact with certain herbal supplements and vitamins. Patients should be sure to inform their healthcare provider of all medications they are taking before starting treatment with oxaliplatin.

Food Interactions

Oxaliplatin may interact with certain foods, such as dairy products, seafood, and alcohol. Patients should avoid these foods while taking oxaliplatin.

Pregnancy Use

Oxaliplatin is not recommended for use in pregnant women. Animal studies have shown that oxaliplatin can cause fetal harm. Women of childbearing potential should use effective contraception while taking oxaliplatin.

Lactation Use

It is not known if oxaliplatin is excreted in breast milk. Nursing mothers should consult their healthcare provider prior to using oxaliplatin.

Acute Overdose

Seek immediate medical attention if an overdose of oxaliplatin is suspected. Symptoms of an overdose may include nausea, vomiting, fatigue, and confusion.

Contraindications

Oxaliplatin should not be used in patients with an allergy to it or any of its components. It should also not be used in pregnant women.

Use Directions

Oxaliplatin should be used exactly as prescribed by a healthcare provider. It should be taken exactly as directed, and not more or less. The drug should not be taken with food or dairy products, and should not be taken in combination with certain other medications.

Storage Condition

Oxaliplatin should be stored at room temperature in the original packaging. It should be kept away from direct light and moisture.

Volume of Distribution

The volume of distribution (Vd) of oxaliplatin is approximately 7 L/kg.

Half Life

The half-life (t1/2) of oxaliplatin is approximately 4 hours.

Clearance

The clearance (Cl) of oxaliplatin is approximately 0.3 L/h/kg.

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Some Frequently Asked Questions About Oxaliplatin