Magnesium Hydroxide Introduction
Magnesium Hydroxide (Mg(OH)2) is an inorganic compound that is used for medicinal, industrial, and agricultural purposes. It is a white, solid, alkaline compound sold in various forms, including powder, liquid suspension, and tablets. In its purest form, Magnesium Hydroxide is odorless and tasteless.
Uses for Magnesium Hydroxide
Magnesium Hydroxide is commonly used as a laxative to relieve constipation and as an antacid to relieve indigestion and heartburn. Additionally, Magnesium Hydroxide is used in industrial and agricultural applications to soften water and reduce the acidity of soil.
| Brand Name | Magnesium Hydroxide |
|---|---|
| Type | |
| Weight | |
| Generic | Magnesium Hydroxide |
| Manufacturer | |
| Available in | English বাংলা |
Mechanism of Action
Magnesium Hydroxide works as a laxative by stimulating the cells of the large intestine to produce more water and an increased amount of electrolytes, which helps to soften the stool and promote bowel movements. As an antacid, magnesium hydroxide works by neutralizing the stomach acid and providing a protective coating on the lining of the stomach, which helps to reduce irritation and discomfort.
How Long Does it Take to Work?
The length of time it takes for magnesium hydroxide to take effect is dependent on the form of the compound being used and the individual patient. Generally, when taken as a laxative, it takes between 15-60 minutes to begin working. As an antacid, magnesium hydride generally begins to work within a few minutes.
Absorption
Magnesium Hydroxide is not absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract and is excreted from the body unchanged.
Route of Elimination
Magnesium Hydroxide is eliminated from the body primarily by the kidneys through urination.
Dosage
As Laxative:- Adults: 2-4 Tablespoonful with a full glass of water.
- Children: 6-11 years: 1-2 Tablespoonful with a full glass of water. 2-5 years: 1-3 Teaspoonful with a full glass of water.
- Adults: 1-3 teaspoonful (5 to 15 ml) up to 4 times daily with water.
- Children: 1-3 years: ¼ teaspoonful. 3-6 years: ¼-½ teaspoonful. 6-12 years: ½-1 teaspoonful
The dosage of Magnesium Hydroxide for adults is typically between 325 mg to 650 mg, taken orally up to four times a day. For the treatment of indigestion and heartburn, it is usually recommended to take one teaspoon of magnesium hydroxide suspended in water. For constipation, the dosage may be increased to a tablespoonful, or the liquid suspension may be taken in larger quantities.
Administration
Magnesium Hydroxide is typically administered orally in powder, liquid suspension, or tablet form. It should be taken with a full glass of water and it should be taken on an empty stomach, one hour before meals or two hours after meals for the best results.
Side_Effect
There are a few side effects of Magnesium Hydroxide that can occur when taken in abnormally high doses, such as nausea, vomiting, muscle weakness, and excessive thirst. Additionally, long-term use may lead to magnesium toxicity.
Toxicity
Magnesium toxicity is a condition that occurs when the levels of magnesium in the body become abnormally high. Symptoms of magnesium toxicity include impaired coordination, nausea, vomiting, confusion, muscle weakness, and diarrhea. In severe cases, it can lead to respiratory depression.
Precaution
Magnesium Hydroxide should be used with caution by individuals with heart, kidney, or liver disease. Additionally, it should be avoided by individuals with obstruction in their gastrointestinal tract, as it can cause further damage.
Interaction
Magnesium Hydroxide can interact with certain medications, including tetracyclines, quinolone antibiotics, and diuretics. It is important to consult your healthcare provider before taking magnesium hydroxide if you are taking these medications.
Disease interaction
Magnesium hydroxide may interact with certain diseases, including heart disease, kidney disease, and liver disease. It is important to consult with your healthcare provider if you have one of these conditions before taking magnesium hydroxide.
Drug Interaction
Magnesium hydroxide can interact with certain drugs, such as tetracyclines, quinolone antibiotics, and diuretics. It is important to consult your healthcare provider before taking magnesium hydroxide if you are taking any of these drugs.
Food Interactions
Magnesium hydroxide should not be taken within two hours of eating food, as it may interfere with the absorption of certain nutrients, such as calcium and iron. Additionally, it may interact with other minerals, such as zinc, copper and magnesium, and can reduce their absorption.
Pregnancy Use
Magnesium hydroxide should be avoided by pregnant women, as it may interfere with certain aspects of fetal growth. It is important to consult your healthcare provider before taking magnesium hydroxide if you are pregnant.
Lactation Use
Magnesium hydroxide should be avoided by breastfeeding women, as it may interfere with breast milk production. It is important to consult your healthcare provider before taking magnesium hydroxide if you are breastfeeding.
Acute Overdose
If an acute overdose of magnesium hydroxide is suspected, seek immediate medical attention. Symptoms of an acute overdose include nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and difficulty breathing.
Contraindication
Magnesium hydroxide should not be taken by individuals with certain medical conditions, such as obstruction in the gastrointestinal tract or kidney impairment. Additionally, it should be avoided by individuals with allergies to magnesium or other ingredients contained in the medication.
Use Directions
Take magnesium hydroxide exactly as prescribed by your healthcare provider. Do not take more or less than the recommended dosage, as this can lead to adverse reactions. It is important to take magnesium hydroxide one hour before meals or two hours after meals for the best results.
Storage Conditions
Magnesium hydroxide should be stored according to the package label. Generally, it should be stored in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight.
Volume of Distribution
The volume of distribution for magnesium hydroxide is approximately 0.12 L/kg.
Half Life
The half-life of magnesium hydroxide is approximately 1.25 hours.
Clearance
The clearance rate for magnesium hydroxide is approximately 0.48 L/kg/hr.
See in details version Magnesium Hydroxide also Magnesium Hydroxide in bangla
Some Frequently Asked Questions About Magnesium Hydroxide
1. What is Magnesium Hydroxide ?
Magnesium Hydroxide is an inorganic compound commonly used as an antacid and a laxative. It works by neutralizing stomach acid and increasing water in the intestines to ease bowel movements. It is most commonly found in liquid form and tablets for gastrointestinal issues.
2. How does Magnesium Hydroxide work as an antacid?
As an antacid, Magnesium Hydroxide works by neutralizing excess stomach acid. It reacts with hydrochloric acid (HCl) in the stomach to form magnesium chloride, water, and carbon dioxide, which helps relieve heartburn, indigestion, and acid reflux.
3. How does Magnesium Hydroxide function as a laxative?
Magnesium Hydroxide acts as an osmotic laxative by drawing water into the colon, which softens stool and stimulates bowel movements. This helps relieve constipation by increasing the fluid content of stool and making it easier to pass.
4. What are the common uses of Magnesium Hydroxide ?
Magnesium Hydroxide is primarily used for:
- Relieving heartburn and indigestion (antacid)
- Managing constipation (laxative)
- Reducing symptoms of acid reflux
- Treating magnesium deficiency in certain medical conditions
5. What is the recommended dosage of Magnesium Hydroxide for heartburn?
The usual adult dosage for heartburn or indigestion is 5 to 15 mL of Magnesium Hydroxide suspension taken once or twice daily, depending on the severity of the symptoms. It’s important to follow your healthcare provider’s recommendations for dosage.
6. What is the recommended dosage of Magnesium Hydroxide for constipation?
For constipation, the recommended dose for adults is typically 30 to 60 mL of the liquid form once daily. For children, the dosage should be reduced based on age and weight, and you should consult a pediatrician before use.
7. Can Magnesium Hydroxide be used during pregnancy?
Magnesium Hydroxide is generally considered safe during pregnancy when used as directed. However, it should be used under the guidance of a healthcare provider to avoid excessive magnesium intake, which could lead to complications.
8. Can Magnesium Hydroxide be used for children?
Magnesium Hydroxide can be used for children to treat constipation, but the dosage should be carefully controlled based on the child's age and weight. Always consult a pediatrician before using any medication for children.
9. Are there any side effects of Magnesium Hydroxide ?
Common side effects of Magnesium Hydroxide include:
- Diarrhea
- Stomach cramps
- Gas or bloating
10. Can Magnesium Hydroxide cause dehydration?
Yes, Magnesium Hydroxide can cause dehydration, especially if it leads to excessive diarrhea. It's important to stay hydrated and consult a healthcare provider if symptoms persist.
11. Can Magnesium Hydroxide interact with other medications?
Magnesium Hydroxide can interact with certain medications, including:
- Antibiotics (e.g., tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones)
- Blood pressure medications
- Diuretics
12. What happens if I take too much Magnesium Hydroxide ?
Taking too much Magnesium Hydroxide can lead to magnesium toxicity, which may cause symptoms such as:
- Low blood pressure
- Slow heart rate
- Difficulty breathing
- Confusion
- Loss of consciousness
13. Can Magnesium Hydroxide be used for acid reflux?
Magnesium Hydroxide can help relieve acid reflux by neutralizing stomach acid. However, it may not be as effective as other medications like proton pump inhibitors or H2 blockers for long-term acid reflux management.
14. Is Magnesium Hydroxide safe for long-term use?
Magnesium Hydroxide is not recommended for long-term use, particularly as a laxative, as it may lead to electrolyte imbalances or dependence. It's best used for short-term relief unless otherwise instructed by a healthcare provider.
15. How should Magnesium Hydroxide be stored?
Magnesium Hydroxide should be stored at room temperature, away from moisture and direct sunlight. It should be kept tightly closed in its original container to avoid contamination.
16. Can Magnesium Hydroxide be used for kidney patients?
Patients with kidney disease should use Magnesium Hydroxide with caution, as impaired kidney function may affect magnesium clearance from the body, leading to magnesium toxicity. A healthcare provider should be consulted for appropriate dosing.
17. How fast does Magnesium Hydroxide work as a laxative?
Magnesium Hydroxide typically works within 30 minutes to 6 hours after ingestion, depending on the individual and their specific condition.
18. Can I drink alcohol while taking Magnesium Hydroxide ?
It is not recommended to drink alcohol while taking Magnesium Hydroxide as it can worsen side effects like dizziness, drowsiness, or dehydration.
19. Can Magnesium Hydroxide cause gas or bloating?
Yes, Magnesium Hydroxide can cause gas or bloating as a side effect, especially if it causes diarrhea. These symptoms typically resolve once your body adjusts to the medication.
20. Can Magnesium Hydroxide be used for heartburn relief in children?
Magnesium Hydroxide can be used for heartburn relief in children, but the dosage must be adjusted according to age and weight. Always consult a pediatrician before administering it to a child.
21. Is Magnesium Hydroxide the same as Milk of Magnesia?
Yes, Milk of Magnesia is a common brand name for Magnesium Hydroxide . It is available in liquid form and is used primarily as an antacid and laxative.
22. Can Magnesium Hydroxide help with acid indigestion?
Magnesium Hydroxide can relieve acid indigestion by neutralizing excess stomach acid and reducing the discomfort associated with acid buildup in the stomach.
23. Is Magnesium Hydroxide effective for morning sickness during pregnancy?
Magnesium Hydroxide may help with acid reflux or heartburn symptoms that can accompany morning sickness, but it is important to consult a healthcare provider before using it during pregnancy.
24. Can I take Magnesium Hydroxide with food?
Magnesium Hydroxide can be taken with or without food. However, taking it after meals may help alleviate discomfort caused by indigestion or acid reflux.
25. How does Magnesium Hydroxide compare to other antacids?
Magnesium Hydroxide is often preferred for people who have trouble with other antacids like calcium carbonate, as it does not cause constipation. However, it can cause diarrhea, which other antacids may not.
26. Can Magnesium Hydroxide be used for nausea?
Magnesium Hydroxide is not typically used for nausea unless it is caused by indigestion or an upset stomach. It is more commonly used for heartburn or constipation-related issues.
27. Can Magnesium Hydroxide be used as a preventive for constipation?
Magnesium Hydroxide may help prevent constipation if used occasionally, but it is not meant for long-term use as a preventive. It's more commonly used for short-term relief of constipation.
28. Can Magnesium Hydroxide be taken with other laxatives?
It is best to avoid using multiple laxatives simultaneously unless directed by a healthcare provider. Combining laxatives can increase the risk of dehydration or electrolyte imbalances.
29. Does Magnesium Hydroxide interact with foods or drinks?
Magnesium Hydroxide does not have significant interactions with foods or drinks, but it is advised to avoid taking it with dairy products, as calcium can interfere with magnesium absorption.
30. Can Magnesium Hydroxide be used for treating ulcers?
Magnesium Hydroxide can provide relief for symptoms of ulcers by neutralizing stomach acid. However, it does not treat the underlying cause of ulcers and should be used in combination with other treatments as prescribed by a doctor.
31. Can Magnesium Hydroxide cause an electrolyte imbalance?
Excessive use of Magnesium Hydroxide can lead to an electrolyte imbalance, especially elevated magnesium levels in the blood. This can cause symptoms such as weakness, confusion, and abnormal heart rhythms.
32. Can Magnesium Hydroxide help with bloating?
Magnesium Hydroxide can help reduce bloating by promoting bowel movements and relieving constipation, which often causes bloating and discomfort.
33. Can Magnesium Hydroxide be used in patients with a history of heart disease?
Magnesium Hydroxide should be used cautiously in patients with heart disease, particularly if they have kidney issues. It is important to consult with a doctor before use to avoid complications related to magnesium levels.
34. Is Magnesium Hydroxide safe for long-term constipation treatment?
Magnesium Hydroxide is not typically recommended for long-term constipation treatment, as prolonged use can lead to dependency and electrolyte disturbances. It is best for short-term use or as part of a broader treatment plan for chronic constipation.
35. Can Magnesium Hydroxide help with gas?
Magnesium Hydroxide may help reduce gas by relieving constipation, which is often a primary cause of bloating and gas buildup. However, it is not a primary treatment for excess gas.
36. Can I stop taking Magnesium Hydroxide suddenly?
It is typically safe to stop taking Magnesium Hydroxide suddenly for short-term use. However, if you have been using it for an extended period or for constipation management, it is advisable to consult a doctor for guidance on discontinuing its use.
37. Can Magnesium Hydroxide be used for nausea caused by chemotherapy?
Magnesium Hydroxide is not specifically used to treat nausea caused by chemotherapy. Anti-nausea medications prescribed by a healthcare provider are typically more effective for chemotherapy-induced nausea.
38. Can Magnesium Hydroxide help with stomach ulcers?
Magnesium Hydroxide can provide temporary relief from the discomfort of stomach ulcers by neutralizing stomach acid. However, it does not heal ulcers and should be used in conjunction with ulcer treatment prescribed by a doctor.
39. Can Magnesium Hydroxide be used for acid indigestion after meals?
Yes, Magnesium Hydroxide can be used to treat acid indigestion after meals by neutralizing the excess acid in the stomach, which can alleviate discomfort.
40. What precautions should I take when using Magnesium Hydroxide ?
Precautions include:
- Consulting a doctor before use if you have kidney problems, heart disease, or are pregnant.
- Avoiding prolonged use to prevent dependency or electrolyte imbalances.
- Not exceeding the recommended dose to avoid toxicity.
41. Can Magnesium Hydroxide help with heartburn caused by spicy foods?
Yes, Magnesium Hydroxide can help relieve heartburn caused by spicy foods by neutralizing stomach acid. It can provide quick relief from discomfort.
42. Can I drink water after taking Magnesium Hydroxide ?
Yes, drinking water after taking Magnesium Hydroxide can help hydrate your body, especially if the medication causes diarrhea.
43. How does Magnesium Hydroxide compare to other laxatives like Senna?
Magnesium Hydroxide works as an osmotic laxative, drawing water into the intestines to soften stool. Senna, on the other hand, works as a stimulant laxative, stimulating the muscles of the intestines to promote bowel movements. Magnesium Hydroxide is often preferred for gentler action, while Senna can cause more cramping.
44. Can Magnesium Hydroxide cause kidney damage?
Excessive or prolonged use of Magnesium Hydroxide can potentially cause kidney damage, especially in individuals with pre-existing kidney problems. It's crucial to monitor magnesium levels if you have kidney disease.
45. Can Magnesium Hydroxide cause low blood pressure?
Magnesium Hydroxide may cause a drop in blood pressure, particularly if taken in high doses. People with low blood pressure or those on blood pressure medication should use it cautiously and under medical supervision.
46. Can Magnesium Hydroxide be used for abdominal pain?
Magnesium Hydroxide may help relieve abdominal pain if it is caused by constipation or acid reflux. However, it is not a treatment for other types of abdominal pain, such as that caused by infections or ulcers.
47. Does Magnesium Hydroxide interact with food or beverages?
Magnesium Hydroxide does not have major interactions with food or beverages. However, it is best to avoid dairy products, as calcium can interfere with magnesium absorption.
48. Can Magnesium Hydroxide help with stress-related digestion problems?
Magnesium Hydroxide can help relieve indigestion or acid reflux caused by stress. However, it does not address the underlying stress, which should be managed through relaxation techniques or stress reduction strategies.
49. Can Magnesium Hydroxide be used as a digestive aid?
Yes, Magnesium Hydroxide can act as a digestive aid, helping relieve indigestion, heartburn, and constipation. It is particularly useful in alleviating symptoms of acid buildup in the stomach and promoting regular bowel movements.
50. Can I take Magnesium Hydroxide daily?
Magnesium Hydroxide should generally not be taken daily for long periods without consulting a healthcare provider, as it can lead to electrolyte imbalances and dependency for bowel function. It is best used for short-term relief or as part of a doctor's prescribed treatment plan.
Prof. Dr. Md. Moseh Uddin Choudhury
Neonatal, Kidney & Child Specialist
Child Specialist Doctor in Sylhet
