Loradale Tablet (Extended Release)

Introduction

Loradale Tablet (Extended Release) 10 mg+240 mg is a combination medication used primarily for the relief of symptoms associated with allergic rhinitis and nasal congestion. Loratadine is an antihistamine, while Pseudoephedrine is a decongestant. Together, they help alleviate symptoms such as sneezing, runny nose, and nasal congestion.

Uses

This combination medication is used to treat allergic rhinitis, which includes symptoms like sneezing, runny nose, and itchy or watery eyes. It is also effective for relieving nasal congestion caused by colds or allergies. The combination can be particularly helpful for individuals who experience both allergy symptoms and nasal congestion simultaneously.

Brand Name	Loradale
Type	Tablet (Extended Release)
Weight	10 mg+240 mg
Generic	Loratadine + Pseudoephedrine
Manufacturer	Novo Healthcare and Pharma Ltd.
Available in	English বাংলা

Mechanism of Action

Loratadine works by blocking the action of histamine, a substance in the body that causes allergic symptoms. It selectively inhibits the H1 histamine receptors, which reduces symptoms like sneezing, itching, and runny nose. Pseudoephedrine acts as a decongestant by constricting blood vessels in the nasal passages, reducing swelling and congestion. The combined effect of these two drugs helps to relieve both the allergic and congestion symptoms.

How Long Does It Take to Work?

After oral administration, Loradale Tablet (Extended Release) 10 mg+240 mg generally begins to work within 1-2 hours. The peak effect is usually observed within 3-4 hours. The medication provides relief of symptoms for up to 12-24 hours, depending on the specific formulation and individual patient response.

Absorption

Loratadine is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract after oral administration, reaching peak plasma concentrations within 1-2 hours. Pseudoephedrine is also well absorbed and reaches peak levels in the blood within 1-2 hours after ingestion. Both components of the combination are absorbed efficiently in the gastrointestinal tract.

Route of Elimination

Loratadine is primarily metabolized in the liver and excreted via the kidneys. Its active metabolite, desloratadine, is also excreted through the urine. Pseudoephedrine is eliminated mostly unchanged through the kidneys, with a smaller amount being metabolized in the liver.

Dosage

Adults and children over 12 years:

5/120 tablet: One tablet twice daily (every 12 hours)
10/240 tablet: One tablet once daily and to be taken in the morning instead of night.

Patients with renal insufficiency (GFR<30 ml/min) should be given a lower initial dose (one 5/120 tablet per day, or one 10/240 tablet every alternate day) because they have reduced clearance of Loratadine and Pseudoephedrine.

Patients who have a history of difficulty in swallowing tablets or who have known upper gastrointestinal narrowing or abnormal esophageal peristalsis should not use 10/240 tablet.

Paediatric use: Safety and effectiveness in children below the age of 12 years have not been established.

Use in patients approximately 60 years of age and older: The safety and efficacy of this tablet in patients greater than 60 years old have not been investigated in placebo-controlled clinical trials. The elderly is more likely to have adverse reactions to sympathomimetic amines.

The typical dosage for Loradale Tablet (Extended Release) 10 mg+240 mg varies based on the specific formulation and patient needs. Common dosages include:

For adults and children over 12 years: 10 mg Loratadine and 240 mg Pseudoephedrine, taken once daily.
For children aged 6 to 12 years: 5 mg Loratadine and 120 mg Pseudoephedrine, taken once daily.

Dosage adjustments may be necessary for patients with renal or hepatic impairment.

Administration

Loradale Tablet (Extended Release) 10 mg+240 mg is usually administered orally in the form of tablets or extended-release capsules. It should be taken with a full glass of water and can be taken with or without food. It is important to follow the specific instructions provided with the medication or by a healthcare provider.

Side Effects

Common side effects include dry mouth, dizziness, headache, and drowsiness. Other potential side effects may include gastrointestinal disturbances like nausea or constipation, and insomnia. Rare but serious side effects can include severe allergic reactions and hypertension.

Toxicity

Overdose of Loradale Tablet (Extended Release) 10 mg+240 mg can result in symptoms such as severe dizziness, tremors, increased heart rate, and hypertension. Immediate medical attention is required in cases of overdose to manage symptoms and prevent complications.

Precautions

Patients with a history of hypertension, cardiovascular disease, or hyperthyroidism should use Loradale Tablet (Extended Release) 10 mg+240 mg with caution. It is also advised to avoid alcohol and other central nervous system depressants while taking this medication, as it may exacerbate side effects.

Interaction

Loradale Tablet (Extended Release) 10 mg+240 mg may interact with other medications, including antidepressants (especially MAO inhibitors), other antihistamines, and blood pressure medications. It is important to inform your healthcare provider of all medications being taken to avoid potential interactions.

Disease Interaction

Use with caution in patients with conditions such as diabetes, glaucoma, or prostate enlargement, as pseudoephedrine may exacerbate these conditions. Regular monitoring may be required to manage any adverse effects.

Drug Interaction

Drug interactions may occur with medications that affect the metabolism of Loratadine or Pseudoephedrine, such as certain antibiotics, antifungals, and antidepressants. It is essential to review all concurrent medications with a healthcare provider to avoid potential interactions.

Food Interactions

There are no significant food interactions with Loradale Tablet (Extended Release) 10 mg+240 mg. However, it is advisable to avoid excessive caffeine or alcohol consumption while taking this medication, as they may increase the risk of side effects.

Pregnancy Use

Loradale Tablet (Extended Release) 10 mg+240 mg should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. It is classified as Category C, indicating that risk cannot be ruled out. Pregnant women should consult their healthcare provider before using this medication.

Lactation Use

The safety of Loradale Tablet (Extended Release) 10 mg+240 mg during lactation has not been well established. It is recommended that breastfeeding mothers consult their healthcare provider before using this medication to ensure it is safe for both mother and infant.

Acute Overdose

Acute overdose may lead to symptoms such as severe agitation, hallucinations, and cardiovascular issues. Immediate medical intervention is required to address overdose and manage any potential complications.

Contraindication

Loradale Tablet (Extended Release) 10 mg+240 mg is contraindicated in patients with severe hypertension, coronary artery disease, or hypersensitivity to either component. It should also be avoided in patients with severe renal or hepatic impairment unless otherwise directed by a healthcare provider.

Use Direction

Patients should follow the prescribed dosage and administration guidelines provided by their healthcare provider. It is important to not exceed the recommended dose and to take the medication as directed for optimal efficacy and safety.

Storage Conditions

Loradale Tablet (Extended Release) 10 mg+240 mg should be stored at room temperature, away from moisture and heat. The medication should be kept in its original container and out of reach of children. Any unused or expired medication should be disposed of according to local regulations.

Volume of Distribution

The volume of distribution for Loratadine and Pseudoephedrine is not typically reported as a combined value, as each component has its own pharmacokinetic profile. Loratadine is widely distributed in the body, while Pseudoephedrine is also well distributed but primarily acts in the gastrointestinal tract.

Half Life

Loratadine has a half-life of approximately 8 hours, while Pseudoephedrine has a half-life of approximately 6 hours. The combination medication's effects are generally sustained for up to 12-24 hours, depending on the formulation.

Clearance

Loratadine is primarily cleared by the liver and excreted via the kidneys, while Pseudoephedrine is cleared mainly through renal excretion. The clearance rates of each drug may be affected by renal and hepatic function.

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