Introduction
Levosalbutamol, or levalbuterol, is a short-acting β2 adrenergic receptor agonist used in the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The enantioselective disposition of salbutamol and the possibility that (S)-salbutamol has adverse effects have led to the development of an enantiomerically pure (R)-salbutamol formulation known as levosalbutamol (levalbuterol).
Uses
Levosalbutamol is a beta-2 adrenergic receptor agonist used to treat COPD and asthma.
Indicated for the management of COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, also known as chronic obstructive lung disease) and asthma.
Associated Conditions
Pharmacodynamics
It acts by relaxing smooth muscle in the bronchial tubes to increase air flow and relieve acute shortness of breath.
Mechanism of Action
β2 adrenergic receptors on airway smooth muscle are Gs coupled and their activation by levosalbutamol leads to activation of adenylate cyclase and to an increase in the intracellular concentration of 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cyclic AMP). Increased cyclic AMP activates protein kinase A which itself inhibits the phosphorylation of myosin produces lower intracellular ionic calcium concentrations, inducing muscle relaxation. Increased cyclic AMP concentrations are also associated with the inhibition of the release of mediators from mast cells in the airways, potentially contributing to its benefit in asthma attacks.
Absorption
Inhalation delivers the medication directly into the airways and lungs, thereby minimizing side effects because of reduced systemic absorption of the inhaled medications.
Protein Binding
plasma protein binding is relatively low.
Route of Elimination
excreted into the urine.
Half Life
3.3 - 4 hours
Food Interactions
No interactions found.
Dosage
- Adults and adolescents above 12 years: 1-2 mg three times daily.
- Children (6 -11 years): 1 mg three times daily.
- Adults : 5-10 ml three times daily.
- Childrn (6-11 years): 5 ml three times daily.
