Menopausal Gonadotrophin
Menopausal Gonadotrophin (HMG), also known as human menopausal gonadotropin, is a type of medication used to treat infertility in women. It is a mixture of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), which are responsible for stimulating the ovaries to produce mature eggs for ovulation.
Uses
Menopausal Gonadotrophin is used to induce ovulation in women who have difficulty becoming pregnant due to hormone imbalance or menstrual difficulties. It may also be used in certain fertility treatments to stimulate a woman’s ovaries.
| Brand Name | Human Menopausal Gonadotrophin |
|---|---|
| Type | |
| Weight | |
| Generic | Human Menopausal Gonadotrophin |
| Manufacturer | |
| Available in | English বাংলা |
Mechanism of Action
When HMG is injected, it stimulates the production of FSH and LH, causing the ovaries to produce more mature eggs for ovulation. The mature eggs, when fertilized, can potentially lead to pregnancy.
How Long Does It Take to Work?
After an injection of HMG is given, the effects can usually be seen in the body within 1-2 days. However, it can take longer for ovulation to occur after the injection. It may take several weeks for ovulation to occur for some women.
Absorption and Route of Elimination
HMG is rapidly and completely absorbed after subcutaneous injection. It is metabolized in the liver and mainly eliminated in the urine.
Dosage
Sterility in females: The dosage of Human Menopausal Gonadotrophin for the induction of follicle growth in normo-or hypogonadotropic women varies according to the individual. The amount depends on ovarian reaction and should be checked by ultrasound examinations of the ovarian and measuring estradiol levels. If the Human Menopausal Gonadotrophin dosage is too high for the treated individual, multiple uni-and bilateral follicle growth can occur. Human Menopausal Gonadotrophin is administered intramuscularly or subcutaneously and in general, the therapy is begun with a daily dosage corresponding to 75-150 IU FSH. If the ovaries do not respond, the dosage can slowly be increased until a rise in estradiol secretion and follicle growth is evident. Treatment with the same dosage of Human Menopausal Gonadotrophin continues until the pre-ovulatory estradiol serum level is attained. If the level rises too quickly, the dosage should be reduced. To induce ovulation, 5000 or 10000 IU HCG are injected i.m. 1 to 2 days after the last Human Menopausal Gonadotrophin administration.Note: After a Human Menopausal Gonadotrophin dosage too high for the corresponding individual has been administered the following HCG administration can cause an unintentional hyperstimulation of the ovaries.
Sterility in males: Initially, 2 X 5000 IU HCG a week are administered until a normal testosterone serum level is reached. Then, an additional dose of Human Menopausal Gonadotrophin (3 X 75-150 IU FSH + 75 - 150 IU LH) per week is administered for a few months.
HMG is typically given as an intramuscular or subcutaneous injection. The dose usually varies from 75-150 international units (IU) per day, given as a single or multiple injections. The dose may need to be adjusted depending on the patient’s response.
Administration
HMG is typically adminstered by healthcare professionals. It is usually injected intramuscularly or subcutaneously in the abdomen or the buttock. The patient may need to be trained on how to administer the injection before it can be self-administered.
Side Effects
Common side effects include mild to moderate abdominal discomfort, bloating, and breast tenderness. Less common side effects include headaches, dizziness, nausea, and vomiting.
Toxicity
HMG has low potential of toxicity. However, it can still cause serious adverse reactions if used in excess or if certain interactions occur.
Precautions
It is important to discuss any pre-existing medical conditions or allergies, medications, and lifestyle factors with a healthcare professional before taking HMG. It is also important to tell a healthcare provider if a woman is pregnant or breastfeeding.
Interactions
Drug interactions may occur with HMG. It is important to tell a healthcare provider about any other medications, vitamins, or supplements that may be taken.
Disease Interactions
People with certain medical conditions should not use HMG. These include conditions like ovarian cysts, endometriosis, fibroids, thyroid disease, uncontrolled adrenal or pituitary disorders, and others.
Drug Interactions
Drug interactions may occur with HMG. It is important to discuss any medications, including over-the-counter medications, with a healthcare provider before taking this medication.
Food Interactions
No specific food interactions have been reported with HMG. However, it is important to discuss any changes in diet with a healthcare provider before taking this medication.
Pregnancy Use
HMG should not be used during pregnancy. It is an FDA Pregnancy Category X medication, meaning that it can cause serious birth defects in unborn babies.
Lactation Use
HMG should not be used while breastfeeding. It is not known whether the medication can pass into breast milk and cause harm to a nursing baby.
Acute Overdose
If an overdose of HMG is suspected, contact a poison control center at 1-800-222-1222 or seek emergency medical attention. Signs of an overdose may include abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, headache, and muscle or joint pain.
Contraindication
HMG is contraindicated in pregnant women. It should also not be used by those with certain medical conditions or who are allergic to certain ingredients in the medication.
Use Direction
HMG is typically given as an injection. The patient should follow the instructions provided by their healthcare provider. The site of injection should be changed each time to avoid skin damage.
Storage Condition
HMG should be stored at room temperature away from moisture and heat. The medication should also be kept away from children and pets.
Volume of Distribution
The volume of distribution of HMG is not known.
Half Life
The half-life of HMG is approximately 18-21 minutes.
Clearance
The clearance of HMG is not known.
See in details version Human Menopausal Gonadotrophin also Human Menopausal Gonadotrophin in bangla
