Gemtor IV Infusion 200 mg/vial Introduction
Gemtor IV Infusion 200 mg/vial (Gemzar®) is an antineoplastic agent used in the treatment of several types of cancer including non-small cell lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, and ovarian cancer. It is a pro-drug, which means it is inactive until it is used by the body. Gemtor IV Infusion 200 mg/vial is available in both tablet and injection forms and is typically administered every seven to 21 days throughout the duration of a treatment cycle.
Uses for Gemtor IV Infusion 200 mg/vial
Gemtor IV Infusion 200 mg/vial is used to treat several types of cancer including non-small cell lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, and ovarian cancer. It is also used for the treatment of other malignancies. It can also be used as a palliative treatment, which means it is used to ease pain and other symptoms of cancer and not to cure it.
| Brand Name | Gemtor |
|---|---|
| Type | IV Infusion |
| Weight | 200 mg/vial |
| Generic | Gemcitabine |
| Manufacturer | Eskayef Pharmaceuticals Ltd. |
| Available in | English বাংলা |
Mechanism of Action
Gemtor IV Infusion 200 mg/vial works by interfering with DNA synthesis. It is taken up by cells and converted to an active form, which then interrupts the DNA replication process. This leads to cell death and helps to reduce the growth of the tumor. Gemtor IV Infusion 200 mg/vial is usually used in combination with other chemotherapy drugs, which increases the effectiveness of the treatment.
How Long Does it Take to Work?
The effects of gemcitabine depend on the type and severity of the cancer being treated, the response of the individual and the combination of drugs used. Generally, it can take several weeks to notice a difference in the patient's condition, and at least several months of treatment before the effects are seen.
Absorption
Gemtor IV Infusion 200 mg/vial is well-absorbed and is distributed throughout the body. The drug is mainly metabolized in the liver and has an elimination half-life of about 40 minutes.
Route of Elimination
Gemtor IV Infusion 200 mg/vial is mainly eliminated through the urine. It is metabolized in the liver to a number of metabolites, which are then eliminated through the urine.
Dosage
Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer:- Single-agent Use: The recommended dose of Gemcitabine is 1000 mg/m2, given by 30-minute intravenous infusion. This should be repeated once weekly for three weeks, followed by a one-week rest period. This four-week cycle is then repeated. Dosage reduction with each cycle or within a cycle may be applied based upon the amount of toxicity experienced by the patient.
- Combination Use: Gemcitabine, in combination with Cisplatin has been investigated using two dosing regimens. One regimen used a three-week schedule and the over used a four-week schedule. The three-week schedule used Gemcitabine 1250 mg/m2, given by 30-minute intravenous infusion, on days 1 and 8 of each 21-day cycle. Dosage reduction with each cycle or within a cycle may be applied based upon the amount of toxicity experienced by the patient. The four-week schedule used Gemcitabine 1000 mg/m2, given by 30-minute intravenous infusion, on days 1,8, and 15 of each 28-day cycle. Dosage reduction with each cycle or within a cycle may be applied based upon the amount of toxicity experienced by the patient.
Bladder Cancer:
- Single agent use: The recommended dose of Gemcitabine is 1250 mg/m2, given by 30-minute intravenous infusion. The dose should be given on days 1,8 and 15 of each 28-day cycle. This 4-week cycle is then repeated. Dosage reduction with each cycle or within a cycle may be applied based upon the amount of toxicity experienced by the patient.
- Combination use: The recommended dose for Gemcitabine is 1000 mg/m2, given by 30-minute infusion, The dose should be given on days 1,8 and 15 of each 28-day cycle in combination with Cisplatin. Cisplatin is given at a recommended dose of 70 mg/m2 on day 1 following Gemcitabine or day 2 of each 28-day cycle. This 4-week cycle is then repeated. Dosage reduction with each cycle or within a cycle may be applied based upon the amount of toxicity experienced by the patient. A clinical trial showed more myelosuppression when Cisplatin was used in doses of 100 mg/m2.
Ovarian Cancer: Gemcitabine in combination with Carboplatin is recommended using Gemcitabine 1000 mg/m2 administered on days 1 and 8 of each 21-day cycle as a 30-minute intravenous infusion. After Gemcitabine, Carboplatin should be given on day 1 consistent with target AUC of 4.0 mg/mL/min. Dosage reduction with each cycle or within a cycle may be applied based upon the amount of toxicity experienced by the patient.
The dose of gemcitabine depends on the type and severity of the cancer being treated, the response of the individual, and the combination of drugs used. The typical starting dose for gemcitabine is 1000 mg/m2, administered as an intravenous injection once per week. The dose may be increased depending on how well the patient tolerates the drug, up to 2000 mg/m2 per week.
Administration
Gemtor IV Infusion 200 mg/vial is usually given as an intravenous injection and is usually given over a period of 30 minutes. It can also be given as an oral tablet, taken once per day.
Side Effect
Gemtor IV Infusion 200 mg/vial can cause a number of side effects including nausea, vomiting, fatigue, loss of appetite, mouth sores, hair loss, and diarrhea. More serious side effects can include low white blood cell count, liver damage, low platelet count, and allergic reactions. As with any medication, you should speak to your doctor if you experience any side effects.
Toxicity
Gemtor IV Infusion 200 mg/vial can cause toxicity to certain organs, particularly the liver, kidneys, and bone marrow. The most common signs of toxicity include anemia, low white blood cell count, and low platelet count. It is important to monitor these levels throughout treatment.
Precaution
Gemtor IV Infusion 200 mg/vial may not be suitable for everyone, and it is important to consult your doctor if you have any allergies, existing medical conditions, or if you have a history of liver disease or other medical conditions. It is important to notify your doctor if you are breast-feeding or pregnant, as gemcitabine can be harmful to a developing fetus.
Interactions
Gemtor IV Infusion 200 mg/vial has the potential to interact with other drugs and supplements. It is important to tell your doctor about any other medications or supplements that you are taking, in order to avoid any potential interactions.
Disease Interactions
Gemtor IV Infusion 200 mg/vial should not be used if you have a history of kidney or liver disease. It is important to discuss any existing medical conditions with your doctor before starting treatment, as this may affect how the drug is used.
Drug Interactions
Gemtor IV Infusion 200 mg/vial can potentially interact with other drugs and supplements, including antacids, aspirin, ibuprofen, naproxen, and some certain antibiotics, antidepressants, antifungal medications, and diuretics. It is important to speak to your doctor if you are taking any of these medications to check for potential interactions.
Food Interactions
Gemtor IV Infusion 200 mg/vial may interact with certain foods, such as dairy products, as they can increase the amount of the drug absorbed by the body. It is important to discuss any potential food interactions with your doctor before starting treatment.
Pregnancy Use
Gemtor IV Infusion 200 mg/vial has not been evaluated for use in pregnant women. It is important to speak to your doctor if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or are breastfeeding, as the drug may be harmful to a developing fetus.
Lactation Use
Gemtor IV Infusion 200 mg/vial has not been evaluated for use in lactating women. It is important to speak to your doctor if you are breastfeeding, as the drug may be harmful to a nursing infant.
Acute Overdose
In case of an acute overdose, seek immediate medical attention. Symptoms of an overdose may include nausea, vomiting, drowsiness, diarrhoea, changes in heart rate, and seizures.
Contraindication
Gemtor IV Infusion 200 mg/vial is contraindicated in patients who have a known hypersensitivity to the drug, who have an active infection, or who have a history of liver or kidney disease. It is also contraindicated in pregnant or breastfeeding women, as the drug may be harmful to a developing fetus or nursing infant.
Use Direction
Gemtor IV Infusion 200 mg/vial should be taken as prescribed by your doctor. It is important to take the drug according to the dosage instructions given by your doctor, as the effects of an overdose can be serious. It is important to finish the course of treatment, even if you start to feel better, as this will ensure the best results.
Storage Condition
Gemtor IV Infusion 200 mg/vial should be stored at room temperature, away from direct sunlight and moisture. It should also be stored away from children and pets.
Volume of Distribution
Gemtor IV Infusion 200 mg/vial is widely distributed throughout the body and is metabolized in the liver. It has an elimination half-life of about 40 minutes.
Half Life
The half-life of gemcitabine is approximately 40 minutes.
Clearance
Gemtor IV Infusion 200 mg/vial is mainly eliminated through the urine and is also excreted in the feces. Its clearance is mainly determined by hepatic metabolism and renal excretion. It has a clearance rate of approximately 0.2 L/hr/kg.
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Some Frequently Asked Questions About Gemtor IV Infusion 200 mg/vial
Brig. Gen. Prof. Dr. Md. Azizul Islam
Mental Diseases, Drug Addiction & Psychiatry Specialist
