Docetax IV Infusion

Introduction

Docetax IV Infusion 80 mg/vial is a chemotherapy drug used primarily in the treatment of various types of cancer. It is a taxane derivative and functions as an antineoplastic agent by disrupting microtubule function, thereby inhibiting cancer cell division. Docetaxel is commonly used in the management of breast cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, prostate cancer, and several other malignancies.

Uses

Docetax IV Infusion 80 mg/vial is used to treat:

Breast Cancer: Often used in combination with other chemotherapy agents for treating both early and advanced stages.
Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Used in combination with cisplatin or other drugs for advanced stages of lung cancer.
Prostate Cancer: Utilized in combination with prednisone for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.
Other Cancers: Includes treatment of head and neck cancer, gastric cancer, and certain types of ovarian cancer.

It is generally administered under the supervision of an oncologist as part of a comprehensive cancer treatment regimen.

Brand Name	Docetax
Type	IV Infusion
Weight	80 mg/vial
Generic	Docetaxel Trihydrate
Manufacturer	Techno Drugs Ltd.
Available in	English বাংলা

Mechanism of Action

Docetax IV Infusion 80 mg/vial works by stabilizing the microtubules and preventing their depolymerization, which inhibits the normal breakdown of the mitotic spindle. This disruption prevents cancer cells from properly completing cell division, leading to cell cycle arrest and subsequent cell death. It thus exerts its anticancer effects by impeding the ability of cancer cells to proliferate.

How Long Does It Take to Work?

The effects of Docetax IV Infusion 80 mg/vial may vary depending on the type and stage of cancer, as well as the overall health of the patient. Some patients may begin to see improvements in their condition within a few weeks of starting treatment, while others may take several cycles to notice significant changes. Continuous monitoring and assessment by the healthcare provider are necessary to evaluate treatment efficacy.

Absorption

Docetaxel is administered intravenously and is well-absorbed into the bloodstream upon administration. The drug is not typically given orally, as its absorption from the gastrointestinal tract would be insufficient for therapeutic use.

Route of Elimination

Docetaxel is predominantly metabolized by the liver. It is excreted mainly through the feces (approximately 80%) and a smaller amount through the urine (approximately 10%). The drug’s elimination process involves hepatic metabolism followed by biliary excretion.

Dosage

Administer in a facility equipped to manage possible complications (e.g., anaphylaxis). Administer intravenously (IV) over 1 hr every 3 weeks. PVC equipment is not recommended. Use only a 21 gauge needle to withdraw docetaxel from the vial.

BC locally advanced or metastatic: 60 mg/m² to 100 mg/m² single agent
BC adjuvant: 75 mg/m² administered 1 hour after doxorubicin 50 mg/m² and cyclophosphamide 500 mg/m² every 3 weeks for 6 cycles
NSCLC: after platinum therapy failure: 75 mg/m² single agent
NSCLC: chemotherapy-naive: 75 mg/m² followed by cisplatin 75 mg/m²
HRPC: 75 mg/m2 with 5 mg prednisone twice a day continuously
GC: 75 mg/m² followed by cisplatin 75 mg/m² (both on day 1 only) followed by fluorouracil 750 mg/m² per day as a 24-hr IV (days 1-5), starting at end of cisplatin infusion
SCCHN: 75 mg/m² followed by cisplatin 75 mg/m² IV (day 1), followed by fluorouracil 750 mg/m² per day as a 24-hr IV (days 1–5), starting at end of cisplatinin fusion; for 4 cycles
SCCHN: 75 mg/m² followed by cisplatin 100 mg/m² IV (day 1), followed by fluorouracil 1000 mg/m² per day as a 24-hr IV (days 1–4); for 3 cycles

For all patients:

Premedicate with oral corticosteroids
Adjust dose as needed

The dosage of Docetax IV Infusion 80 mg/vial depends on the type of cancer being treated and the patient’s overall health. Typical dosages range from 60 mg/m² to 75 mg/m² administered every 3 weeks. Adjustments may be made based on the patient’s response to treatment and side effects experienced. Dosage should be determined by an oncologist and tailored to individual patient needs.

Administration

Docetaxel is administered intravenously. It is usually given as an infusion over a period of 1 hour, typically every 3 weeks. The drug is prepared and diluted in an appropriate intravenous fluid and administered under the supervision of a healthcare professional trained in the use of chemotherapy agents.

Side Effects

Common side effects of Docetax IV Infusion 80 mg/vial may include:

Nausea and vomiting
Fatigue
Hair loss (alopecia)
Neutropenia (low white blood cell count)
Mucositis (inflammation of mucous membranes)

Serious side effects can include severe allergic reactions, liver dysfunction, and fluid retention. Monitoring for adverse effects is crucial during treatment.

Toxicity

Docetaxel can cause dose-dependent toxicity, particularly affecting blood cell counts and liver function. Severe neutropenia can increase the risk of infections, while liver toxicity may necessitate dose adjustments or discontinuation. Regular blood tests and liver function assessments are essential for managing potential toxicities.

Precautions

Precautions include:

Monitor blood counts regularly to manage and prevent severe neutropenia.
Assess liver function before and during treatment, especially in patients with preexisting liver conditions.
Watch for signs of severe allergic reactions and manage appropriately.

Ensure to follow the healthcare provider’s guidelines for premedication to reduce the risk of allergic reactions and fluid retention.

Interaction

Docetaxel may interact with other drugs that affect liver enzymes, including:

CYP3A4 inhibitors and inducers: These can alter the metabolism of Docetaxel and potentially increase or decrease its effectiveness and toxicity.
Other chemotherapy agents: Potential for additive toxicity, necessitating careful dose adjustments and monitoring.

Inform the healthcare provider of all medications and supplements being taken to manage potential interactions effectively.

Disease Interaction

Docetaxel should be used with caution in patients with:

Preexisting liver disease or elevated liver enzymes.
Severe infections or compromised immune system due to the risk of exacerbating these conditions.

Regular assessments and adjustments may be required based on the patient’s disease state and overall health.

Drug Interaction

Potential drug interactions include:

Drugs affecting CYP3A4 enzyme system: May alter Docetaxel metabolism.
Other cytotoxic agents: May increase the risk of cumulative toxicity.

Always consult with a healthcare provider to avoid or manage interactions and adjust treatment regimens accordingly.

Food Interactions

There are no significant food interactions with Docetax IV Infusion 80 mg/vial. However, maintaining a balanced diet is important for overall health and to manage side effects such as nausea. Follow any specific dietary recommendations provided by the healthcare provider.

Pregnancy Use

Docetaxel is contraindicated during pregnancy due to potential harm to the developing fetus. The drug is classified as Category D, indicating that there is evidence of risk to the fetus based on human studies. Effective contraception should be used during treatment, and the drug should be avoided if pregnancy occurs.

Lactation Use

It is unknown whether Docetaxel is excreted in human milk. Due to potential risks to a breastfeeding infant, it is generally recommended to avoid breastfeeding during treatment with Docetaxel. Consult with a healthcare provider for appropriate alternatives and guidance on managing breastfeeding during treatment.

Acute Overdose

Acute overdose of Docetaxel can result in severe adverse effects such as profound neutropenia, mucositis, and hepatic toxicity. Supportive care, including treatment of symptoms and monitoring, is essential. Immediate medical attention and consultation with a healthcare provider are necessary for managing overdose cases.

Contraindication

Docetaxel is contraindicated in:

Patients with severe liver dysfunction.
Patients with a history of hypersensitivity to Docetaxel or other taxanes.

Ensure to evaluate all contraindications before initiating treatment to avoid adverse effects and complications.

Use Direction

Docetaxel should be used as prescribed by a healthcare provider. Follow the dosage and administration instructions carefully. It is crucial to attend all scheduled infusions and monitoring appointments to ensure effective and safe treatment.

Storage Conditions

Docetaxel should be stored at room temperature, between 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F). Keep the medication in its original container and protect it from light and moisture. Ensure it is out of reach of children and follow any specific storage instructions provided by the manufacturer or healthcare provider.

Volume of Distribution

The volume of distribution for Docetaxel is approximately 90 L, indicating extensive distribution throughout body tissues. This distribution supports its effectiveness in treating various types of cancer.

Half Life

The elimination half-life of Docetaxel is approximately 11 to 13 hours. This supports the standard dosing interval of every 3 weeks, allowing for effective management of cancer with periodic administration.

Clearance

Docetaxel is cleared primarily through the liver, with a clearance rate of approximately 20 L/hour. The clearance rate may be affected by liver function, necessitating dose adjustments in patients with hepatic impairment.

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